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Trends in Incidence of Head and Neck Cancers in Dibrugarh District, Assam, India; During the Period 2003–2016

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Abstract

Head and neck cancers are considered to be the most common cancers in developing countries, especially in Southeast Asia. In India, it accounts for one-fourth of male cancers and one-tenth of female cancers. An attempt was made to study head and neck cancer trends in the Dibrugarh district of Assam, North-East India, India. All sites viz., oral cavity and mobile tongue, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, nasopharynx and others were considered separately for both the sexes to carry out the present analysis. Using the data from the Population-Based Cancer Registry, Upper Assam, Dibrugarh, annual crude incidence rate and age-specific rate were calculated for the period from 2003 to 2016. Mann–Kendall and Sen’s Slope non-parametric analysis were applied to examine the trend in the percentages of Head and Neck cancers. The most frequent incidence site for HN cancers was the hypopharynx (33.50%). The disease was common among the males (78.87%) compared to the female (21.13%) population in Dibrugarh district. HN cancers are more prone to the age group 50–70 years (60.93%) compared to the individuals with less than 50 years (26.51%). Combining all the sites of HN cancers in male showed a significant decrease in incidence, whereas in female increasing trend was noted over a period of time. A slight decline in the percentage of head and neck cancer was documented in Dibrugarh when we combined both sexes. The results obtained from the current investigation will laid the scientific framework for proper planning and organization of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HN cancers in Dibrugarh district, Assam.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to the PBCR-UA, Assam Medical College and Hospital for providing the data essential for the current research work. Additionally the authors extend their appreciative acknowledgement to the authorities of Assam Medical College & Hospital, Dibrugarh; Assam.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Assam Medical College & Hospital, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786002, India

    Adity Sharma & Utpal Dutta

  2. Department of Zoology, Tingkhong College, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786612, India

    Chandopal Saikia

  3. Department of Statistics, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India

    Dimpal Pathak

  4. Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University-786001, Dibrugarh, India

    Moirangthem Kameshwor Singh

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  1. Adity Sharma
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  2. Utpal Dutta
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Contributions

Dr. Adity Sarmah: research idea and supervision. Dr. Utpal Dutta: research idea, supervision and data analysis. Chandopal Saikia: research idea, literature search, data collection and manuscript preparation. Dimpal Pathak: research idea, statistical analysis, manuscript preparation and correspondence to editor for publication. Dr. Moirangthem Kameshwor Singh: research idea, supervision and data analysis.

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Correspondence to Dimpal Pathak.

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Sharma, A., Dutta, U., Saikia, C. et al. Trends in Incidence of Head and Neck Cancers in Dibrugarh District, Assam, India; During the Period 2003–2016. Indian J Surg Oncol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13193-024-01968-0

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