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The Prevalence of Thyroid Cancer in Iran: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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Abstract

Cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine glands and comprises 1% of all malignant cancers and its incidence is still increasing. No comprehensive study summarizing the results of these studies was found. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of thyroid cancer in Iran in a systematic review and meta-analysis. In this review, studies were extracted by searching the national and international databases of SID, MagIran, IranMedex, IranDoc, and Google Scholar, Cochrane, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science (WoS) from 1997 to September 2019. Simple random effects model was used for data analysis and heterogeneity of studies was investigated with I2 index. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (version 2) software. In 28 reviewed articles, the prevalence of thyroid cancer in Iran was reported to be 3.5% with a sample size of 100,869 (95% CI: 2.7–4.4%). Regarding heterogeneity on the basis of meta-regression, there was no significant difference between the effect of the year of study (P = 0.531) and sample size (P = 0.864) and the prevalence of thyroid cancer in Iran. The results of this study indicated that the prevalence of thyroid cancer is high in Iran. Therefore, appropriate strategies should be put in place by providing feedback to hospitals in order to improve the aforementioned situation, and troubleshoot and monitor at all levels.

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Datasets are available through the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Abbreviations

SID:

Scientific Information Database

STROBE:

Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology for cross-sectional Study

PRISMA:

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences.

Funding

By deputy of research and technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (980794). The deputy of research and technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Nader Salari

  2. Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Mohsen Kazeminia

  3. Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Masoud Mohammadi

Authors
  1. Nader Salari
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  2. Mohsen Kazeminia
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  3. Masoud Mohammadi
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Contributions

MK and NS contributed to the design and MM to statistical analysis and participated in most of the study steps. MK and MM prepared the manuscript. MK and MM assisted in designing the study, and helped in the interpretation of the study. All authors have read and approved the content of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Masoud Mohammadi.

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Ethics approval was received from the Ethics Committee of deputy of research and technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. Reference Number: IR.KUMS.REC.1398.856.

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Not applicable.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Salari, N., Kazeminia, M. & Mohammadi, M. The Prevalence of Thyroid Cancer in Iran: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Indian J Surg Oncol 13, 225–234 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13193-021-01465-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13193-021-01465-8

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