Abstract
Organic matter stabilized in the form of biochar has benefits in a nursery for the physico-chemical and biological properties of substrates derived from forest propagation. With biochars from Acacia mangium Willd. (BAM) residue increases for agricultural production in nurseries have been reported. In this research, we evaluated the effect of different levels of this biochar and its mixture with a synthetic fertilizer (SF) on the root nodulation of A. mangium seedlings. Nine treatments were established to assess the effects on volume and nodule count. Two analyses were performed on a volume using the Kruskal-Wallis test and on counting using the Chi-square test of homogeneity distribution. The results of a subsequent comparison between treatments highlighted higher nodule volumes in treatments with BAM and a mixture with SF compared to those of only SF. The distribution of the nodule count was not homogeneous among treatments. The treatment 80 ton·ha−1 of BAM and 50% of SF produced a greater number of nodules compared to the control. All treatments with higher nodule volumes contained BAM to some degree. Biochar seems likely to contribute to increased volume and nodule count, which could suggest greater potential in the population of microorganisms associated with the development of nodules in seedlings.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Altieri M (1999) Applying agroecology to enhance productivity of peasant farming systems in Latin America. Environ Dev Sustain 1:197–217. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010078923050
Altland J, Krause C (2012) Substituting pine wood for pine bark affects physical properties of nursery substrates. Hortic Sci 47:1499–1503. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.47.10.1499
Ameloot N, Graber E, Verheijen F, De Neve S (2013) Interactions between biochar stability and soil organisms: review and research needs. Eur J Soil Sci 64:379–390. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12064
Anderson C, Condron L, Clough T, Fiers M, Stewart A, Hill R, Sherlock R (2011) Biochar induced soil microbial community change: implications for biogeochemical cycling of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. Pedobiol 54:309–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2011.07.005
Angst T, Patterson C, Reay D, Anderson P, Peshkur T, Sohi S (2013) Biochar diminishes nitrous oxide and nitrate leaching from diverse nutrient sources. J Environ Qual 43(2):672–682. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2012.0341
Beedy T, Snapp S, Akinnifesi F, Sileshi G (2010) Impact of Gliricidia sepium intercropping on soil organic matter fractions in a maize-based cropping system. Agric Ecosyst Environ 38:139–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.04.008
Brady N, Weil R (2002) The nature and properties of soils. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River
Cheng K, Pan G, Smith P, Luo T, Li L, Zheng J, Yan M (2011) Carbon footprint of China’s crop production—an estimation using agro-statistics data over 1993–2007. Agricul Eco & Env 142(4):231–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.05.012
Cobas M (2001) Caracterización de los atributos de la calidad de la planta Hibiscus elatus cultivada en tubetes. Universidad de Pinar del Río, Tesis
CONIF (2002) Manual de Viveros Forestales. Serie de documentación no. 45. Convenio CONIF – Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural- Programa de Fortalecimiento a la Investigación y Protección Forestal, Bogotá
CONPES 3680 (2010) Lineamientos para la consolidación del Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas. Departamento Nacional de Planeación, Bogotá
Cruz C, Myrna G (2014) Validación de diferenciales de frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) para evaluar la respuesta a la inoculación con cepas de Rhizobium. Tesis, Escuela Agrícola Panamericana Zamorano
DeLuca T, MacKenzie M, Gundale M (2009) Biochar effects on soil nutrient transformations. Biochar for environmental management. Earthscan Publishing, London
Dumroese R, Heiskanen J, Englund K, Tervahauta A (2011) Pelleted biochar: chemical and physical properties show potential use as a substrate in container nurseries. Biotechnol Bioeng 35(5):2018–2027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.053
Elad Y, David D, Harel Y, Borenshtein M, Kalifa H, Silber A, Graber E (2010) Induction of systemic resistance in plants by biochar, a soil-applied carbon sequestering agent. Phytopath 100(9):913–921. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-100-9-0913
Fernández-Pascual M, María N, Felipe M (2002) Fijación biológica del nitrógeno: Factores limitantes. En: “Ciencia y Medio Ambiente”. Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales, Madrid, pp 132- 195
Gao S, DeLuca T (2016) Influence of biochar on soil nutrient transformations, nutrient leaching, and crop yield. Adv Plants Agri Res 4(5):348–362. https://doi.org/10.15406/apar.2016.04.00150
Graber E, Tsechansky L, Khanukov J, Oka Y (2011) Sorption, volatilization, and efficacy of the fumigant 1, 3-dichloropropene in a biochar-amended soil. Soil Sci Soc of Amer J 75(4):1365–1373. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2010.0435
Gundale M, DeLuca T (2006) Temperature and source material influence ecological attributes of ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir charcoal. Forest Ecol Manag 231(1-3):86–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2006.05.004
Hartmann H, Kester D, DaviesJunior F, Geneve R (2002) Plant propagation: principles and practices. Prentice Hall, New Jersey
ISTA (2013) International rules for seed testing. International Seed Testing Association, Bassersdorf
Jeffery S, Verheijen F, Van der Velde M, Bastos A (2011) A quantitative review of the effects of biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis. Agric Ecosyst Environ 144(1):175–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.08.015
Keech O, Carcaillet C, Nilsson M (2005) Adsorption of allelopathic compounds by wood-derived charcoal: the role of wood porosity. Plant Soil 27:291–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-004-5485-5
Kratz D, Wendling I, Pires P (2012) Miniestaquia de Eucalyptus benthamii x E. dunnii em substratos a base de casca de arroz carbonizada. Embrapa Florestas-Artigo emperiódico indexado, Brasil.
Lehmann J, Rillig M, Thies J, Masiello C, Hockaday W, Crowley D (2011) Biochar effects on soil biota–a review. Soil Biol Biochem 43(9):1812–1836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.04.022
Liang B, Lehmann J, Sohi S, Theis J, O’Neill B, Trujillo L, Gaunt J, Solomon D, Grossman J, Neves E, Luizão F (2010) Black carbon affects the cycling of nonblackcarbon in soil. Org Geochem 41:206–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.09.007
Lorenzo D, Fernández-Pascual M, Rosario de Felipe M (1994) Protective enzymes against active oxygen species during nitrate-induced senescense of Lupinus albus nodules. J Plant Physiol 144(6):633–640. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0176-1617(11)80653-X
Marimon-Junior B, Petter F, Andrade F, Madari B, Marimon B, Schossler T, Goncalves L, Belém R (2012) Produção de mudas de jiló em substrato condicionado com Biochar. Com Sci 3(2):108–114
McCormack S, Ostle N, Bardgett R, Hopkins D, Vanbergen A (2013) Biochar in bioenergy cropping systems: impacts on soil faunal communities and linked ecosystem processes. GCB Bioenergy 5:81–95. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12046
O’Neill B, Grossman J, Tsai M, Gomes J, Lehmann J, Peterson J, Thies J (2009) Bacterial community composition in Brazilian anthrosols and adjacent soils characterized using culturing and molecular identification. Microb Ecol 58(1):23–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-009-9515-y
Padan E, Bibi E, Ito M, Krulwich T (2005) Alkaline pH homeostasis in bacteria: new insights. Bioch Bioph Act 30 17(2):67–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2005.09.010
Pezzolla D, Gizzi S, Zadra C, Agnelli A, Roscini L, Gigliotti G (2013) Changes in the composition of soil dissolved organic matter after application of poultry manure. In: Xu J et al (eds) Functions of natural organic matter in changing environment. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 451–454
Quilliam R, Glanville H, Wade S, Jones D (2013) Life in the ‘charosphere’–does biochar in agricultural soil provide a significant habitat form microorganisms? Soil Biol Biochem 65:287–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.06.004
Ramirez JA, Rosales R (2009) Economical analysis of bio-carbonization as a practice in agricultural management. Cede 20:09–21. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1502793
Roldán A, Salinas-García J, Alguacil M, Díaz E, Caravaca F (2005) Soil enzyme activities suggest advantages of conservation tillage practices in sorghum cultivation under subtropical conditions. Geod 129(3-4):178–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.12.042
Sakhiya AK, Anand A, Kaushal P (2020) Production, activation, and applications of biochar in recent times. Biochar 2:253–285. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-020-00047-1
Santiago T (2002) Evaluación del crecimiento en vivero de plántulas de cinco especies de coníferas producidas en tres mezclas de sustratos y tres tamaños de contenedor. Tesis, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo
Santiago A, Santiago L (1989) Charcoal chips as a practical substrate for container horticulture in the humid tropics. Symposium on substrates. https://www.actahort.org/books/238/238_16.htm Accessed 23 marzo 2019. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1989.238.16
Steinbeiss S, Gleixner G, Antonietti M (2009) Effect of biochar amendment on soil carbon balance and soil microbial activity. Soil Biol Biochem 41:1301–1310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.03.016
Thies J, Rilling M, Graber E (2015) Biochar effects on the abundance, activity and diversity of the soil biota. In: Lehmann J, Joseph S (eds) Biochar for environmental management: science and technology, 2nd edn. Earthscan, London, pp 97–159
Tian Y, Sun X, Li S, Wang H, Wang L, Cao J, Zhang L (2012) Biochar made from green waste as peat substitute in growth media for Calathea rotundifola cv. Fasciata. Sci Hort 143:15–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2012.05.018
Warnock D, Lehmann J, Kuyper T, Rillig M (2007) Mycorrhizal responses to biochar in soil–concepts and mechanisms. Plant Soil 300(1-2):9–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-007-9391-5
Whitman T, Singh B, Zimmerman A, Lehmann J, Joseph S (2015) Priming effects in biochar-amended soils: implications of biochar-soil organic matter interactions for carbon storage. Biochar for Environmental Management. Sci. Tech Impl 2:455–488
Xiang Y, Deng Q, Duan H, Guo Y (2017) Effects of biochar application on root traits: a meta-analysis. GCB Bioenergy 9:1563–1572. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12449
Yusif S, Muhammad I, Hayatu N, Sauwa M, Tafinta I, Mohammed M, Lukman S, Abubakar G, Hussain A (2016) Effects of biochar and rhizobium inoculation on nodulation and growth of groundnut in Sokoto State, Nigeria. J Appl Life Sci Inter 9(2):1–9. https://doi.org/10.9734/JALSI/2016/27297
Acknowledgements
To COLCIENCIAS and Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá. To Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA, Argentina) and its researchers for their logistical support and technical contributions.
Availability of data and material
Not applicable.
Code availability
Not applicable.
Funding
To Instituto Nacional de TecnologíaAgropecuaria (INTA) and its researchers for their logistical support and technical contributions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Conceptualization, G.R.M.; methodology, G.R.M.; software, E.D.C.; validation, E.D.C. and N.J.C.P.; formal analysis, E.D.C.; writing, G.R.M. and N.J.C.P.; writing—review and editing, E.D.C. and N.J.C.P. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethics approval
We declare ethical approval in the performance of this work.
Consent to participate
We consent to participate in the submission of this document.
Consent for publication
We consent for publication of this document.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Moreno, G.R., Contreras, E.D. & Pardo, N.J.C. Evaluation of biochar in the root nodulation of Acacia mangium Willd. in a nursery. Org. Agr. 11, 435–443 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13165-021-00350-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13165-021-00350-6