Abstract
By combining the preconditioner \(I+S_{\varvec{\alpha }}\) by Li et al. (Appl Numer Math 134:105–121, 2018) and some elements of the last row of the majorization matrix associated with the coefficient tensor, we propose a new preconditioner and present the corresponding preconditioned Gauss–Seidel method for solving multi-linear systems with \(\mathcal {M}\)-tensors. Theoretically, we give the convergence and comparison theorems of the proposed preconditioned Gauss–Seidel method. Numerical examples are given to show our theoretical results and the efficiency of the proposed preconditioner.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Che, M.-L., Qi, L.-Q., Wei, Y.-M.: Positive-definite tensors to nonlinear complementarity problems. J. Optim. Theory Appl. 168, 475–487 (2016)
Che, M.-L., Wei, Y.-M.: Theory and Computation of Complex Tensors and Its Application. Springer, Singapore (2020)
Cui, L.-B., Chen, C., Li, W., Ng, M.: An eigenvalue problem for even order tensors with its applications. Linear Multilinear Algebra 64, 602–621 (2016)
Cui, L.-B., Fan, Y.-D., Zheng, Y.-T.: A general preconditioner accelerated SOR-type iterative method for multi-linear systems with \(\cal{Z} \)-tensors. Comput. Appl. Math. 41, 26 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40314-021-01712-2
Cui, L.-B., Li, W., Ng, M.: Primitive tensors and directed hypergraphs. Linear Algebra Appl. 471, 96–108 (2015)
Cui, L.-B., Li, M.-H., Song, Y.-S.: Preconditioned tensor splitting iterations method for solving multi-linear systems. Appl. Math. Lett. 96, 89–94 (2019)
Cui, L.-B., Zhang, X.-Q., Wu, S.-L.: A new preconditioner of the tensor splitting iterative method for solving multi-linear systems with \(\cal{M} \)-tensors. Comput. Appl. Math. 39, 173 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40314-020-01194-8
Ding, W.-Y., Qi, L.-Q., Wei, Y.-M.: \(\cal{M} \)-tensors and nonsingular \(\cal{M} \)-tensors. Linear Algebra Appl. 439, 3264–3278 (2013)
Ding, W.-Y., Wei, Y.-M.: Solving multi-linear systems with \(\cal{M} \)-tensors. J. Sci. Comput. 68, 689–715 (2016)
Du, S.-Q., Zhang, L.-P., Chen, C.-Y., Qi, L.-Q.: Tensor absolute value equations. Sci. China Math. 61, 1695–1710 (2018)
Li, D.-H., Xie, S.-L., Xu, H.-R.: Splitting methods for tensor equations. Numer. Linear Algebra Appl. 24, e2102 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/nla.2102
Li, W., Liu, D.-D., Vong, S.-W.: Comparison results for splitting iterations for solving multi-linear systems. Appl. Numer. Math. 134, 105–121 (2018)
Lim, L.-H.: Singular values and eigenvalues of tensors: a variational approach. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Computational Advances in Multi-Sensor Adaptive Processing, CAMSAP 05, vol. 1, pp. 129–132. IEEE Computer Society Press, Piscataway, NJ (2005)
Liu, D.-D., Li, W., Vong, S.-W.: The tensor splitting with application to solve multi-linear systems. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 330, 75–94 (2018)
Liu, D.-D., Li, W., Vong, S.-W.: A new preconditioned SOR method for solving multi-linear systems with an \(\cal{M} \)-tensor. Calcolo 57, 15 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10092-020-00364-8
Liu, W.-H., Li, W.: On the inverse of a tensor. Linear Algebra Appl. 495, 199–205 (2016)
Mo, C.-X., Wei, Y.-M.: On nonnegative solution of multi-linear system with strong \(\cal{M} _{\mathscr {Z}}\)-tensors. Numer. Math. Theor. Meth. Appl. 14, 176–193 (2021)
Neumann, M., Plemmons, R.J.: Convergence of parallel multisplitting iterative methods for \(M\)-matrices. Linear Algebra Appl. 88, 559–573 (1987)
Ng, M., Qi, L.-Q., Zhou, G.: Finding the largest eigenvalue of a nonnegative tensor. SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 31, 1090–1099 (2009)
Pearson, K.: Essentially positive tensors. Int. J. Algebra 4, 421–427 (2010)
Qi, L.-Q.: Eigenvalues of a real supersymmetric tensor. J. Symbolic Comput. 40, 1302–1324 (2005)
Qi, L.-Q., Luo, Z.-Y.: Tensor Analysis: Spectral Theory and Special Tensors. SIAM, Philadelphia (2017)
Wang, X.-Z., Che, M.-L., Wei, Y.-M.: Neural networks based approach solving multi-linear systems with \(\cal{M} \)-tensors. Neurocomputing 351, 33–42 (2019)
Wang, X.-Z., Che, M.-L., Wei, Y.-M.: Preconditioned tensor splitting AOR iterative methods for \(\cal{H} \)-tensor equations. Numer. Linear Algebra Appl. 27, e2329 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/nla.2329
Xie, Z.-J., Jin, X.-Q., Wei, Y.-M.: Tensor methods for solving symmetric \(\cal{M} \)-tensor systems. J. Sci. Comput. 74, 412–425 (2018)
Zhang, L.-P., Qi, L.-Q., Zhou, G.: \(\cal{M} \)-tensors and some applications. SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 35, 437–452 (2014)
Zhang, Y.-X., Liu, Q.-L., Chen, Z.: Preconditioned Jacobi type method for solving multi-linear systems with \(\cal{M} \)-tensors. Appl. Math. Lett. 104, 106287 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aml.2020.106287
Acknowledgements
This research was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61967014), the Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Gansu Province (No. 20JR5RA540).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
About this article
Cite this article
Xie, K., Miao, SX. A new preconditioner for Gauss–Seidel method for solving multi-linear systems. Japan J. Indust. Appl. Math. 40, 1159–1173 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13160-023-00573-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13160-023-00573-y