Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the self-reported sense of efficacy of Costa Rican teachers, who work with children ranging in age from 4 to 6 years, in face-to-face and distance education instructional settings across both rural and urban areas. The sample included 520 teachers. Teachers' self-efficacy was measured using an adapted version of the Teachers' Sense of Efficacy Scale and a demographic information questionnaire. The results showed the self-reported sense of efficacy of Costa Rican teachers was higher in face-to-face than distance education instructional settings. Moreover, teachers at urban schools had higher teacher self-efficacy than teachers who work at rural schools. Teacher educators and teacher trainers should consider providing pre- and in-service trainings to address the educational needs of young children distantly. Governments should spend more money developing quick networks, providing educators and students with training and skills, and lowering the cost of Internet connection for underprivileged groups.
Résumé
L'objectif de cette étude était de comparer la perception d'efficacité autodéclaré des enseignants costaricains, qui travaillent avec des enfants de 4 à 6 ans, dans des contextes d'enseignement face à face et à distance dans les zones rurales et urbaines. L'échantillon comprenait 520 enseignants. L'auto-efficacité des enseignants a été mesurée à l'aide d'une version adaptée de l'échelle de perception d'efficacité des enseignants (TSES) et d'un questionnaire d'information démographique. Les résultats ont montré que la perception d'efficacité auto-déclaré des enseignants costaricains était plus élevé dans le cadre de l'enseignement face à face que dans celui de l'enseignement à distance. De plus, les enseignants des écoles urbaines avaient une efficacité personnelle plus élevée que les enseignants qui travaillaient dans les écoles rurales. Les maîtres d'enseignants et les formateurs d'enseignants devraient envisager de proposer des formations initiales et continues pour répondre à distance aux besoins éducatifs des jeunes enfants. Les gouvernements devraient dépenser plus d'argent pour développer des réseaux rapides, fournir aux éducateurs et aux étudiants une formation et des compétences, et réduire le coût de la connexion Internet pour les groupes défavorisés.
Resumen
El propósito de este estudio fue comparar el sentido de eficacia auto-informado de los maestros costarricenses, que trabajan con niños de 4 a 6 años de edad, en entornos de instrucción de educación presencial y a distancia en áreas rurales y urbanas. La muestra incluyó 520 docentes. La autoeficacia de los docentes se midió utilizando una versión adaptada de la Escala de Sentido de Eficacia de los Maestros (TSES por sus siglas en inglés) y un cuestionario de información demográfica. Los resultados mostraron que el sentido de eficacia de los docentes costarricenses fue mayor en los entornos de instrucción presencial que en los de educación a distancia. Además, los maestros de las escuelas urbanas tenían una mayor autoeficacia docente que los maestros que trabajan en las escuelas rurales. Los formadores de docentes y los proveedores de educación continua deberían considerar la posibilidad de impartir formación previa y continua en el empleo para atender las necesidades educativas de los niños pequeños a distancia. Los gobiernos deberían invertir más dinero en el desarrollo de redes rápidas, proporcionando a los educadores y estudiantes capacitación y habilidades, y reduciendo el costo de la conexión a Internet para los grupos desfavorecidos.
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Chroust, A.J., Atiles, J.T., Vargas, A.C. et al. Sense of Efficacy of Costa Rican Early Childhood Teachers in Face-to-Face and Distance Education Instructional Settings. IJEC (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-023-00365-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-023-00365-y