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Effects of Land-Use Change on the Soil Organic Carbon and Selected Soil Properties in the Sultan Marshes, Turkey

  • Wetland Soils
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Abstract

This study aims to assess the effects of land-use changes on the carbon storage capacity and some soil properties of The Sultan Marshes, a wetland partially drained and converted to other land uses during the middle of the last century. Undisturbed soil sampling was performed in different land-use types (rangelands, shrubs, marsh, agriculture, and dried lake area) in the wetland area at depths of 0–50 cm, and soil organic carbon (SOC), bulk density, and carbon stocks of soils for each land use type were calculated at 10 cm soil depth levels. Furthermore, disturbed soil samples were taken at two soil depths (0–20 cm and 20–40 cm), and the particle size distribution, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), aggregate stability and dispersion ratio (DR) properties of the soils were analyzed. Data were processed using ANOVA, Duncan’s test, and Pearson’s correlation analysis. The soil properties affected by the land-use change were SOC, carbon stock, pH, EC, aggregate stability, clay, silt, sand contents, and bulk density. SOC and carbon stocks were high in rangeland, marsh, and shrub land, while low in agriculture and drained lake areas. As the soil depth increased, SOC and carbon stock decreased. The organic carbon content of the soils exhibited positive relationships with aggregate stability, clay, and carbon stock, while it showed a negative correlation with bulk density, pH, and DR. The results showed that s drainage and conversion of the wetland caused a significant decrease in the carbon contents of the soils.

Özet

Bu çalışmanın amacı, kısmen drene edilerek farklı arazi kullanımlarına dönüştürülen Sultan Sazlığı örneğinde arazi kullanımı değişimlerinin sulak alan ve civarı topraklardaki karbon depolama kapasitesi ve bazı toprak özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerini ortaya koymaktır.

Bu amaçla sulak alan ekosisteminde bulunan farklı arazi kullanım şekillerinden (mera, tarım, çalılık, sazlık ve kurugöl), doğal yapısı bozulmamış toprak örneklemesi yapılmış (0–50 cm) ve 10 ar cm’ lik derinlik kademesine ayrılarak her bir derinlik kademesindeki organik karbon miktarı (TOK), hacim ağırlığı belirlenmiş ve karbon depolama kapasiteleri hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca her bir arazi kullanım şeklinden iki derinlik kademesinden (0–20 cm ve 20–40 cm) alınan toprak örneklerinin toprak tekstürü, tane yoğunluğu, pH, elektriksel iletkenlik (Eİ), agregat stabilitesi ve dispersiyon oranı (DO) belirlenmiştir. Arazi kullanımındaki değişimin toprak özelliklerini ve karbon depolama kapasitesini etkileyip etkilemediği Varyans analizi; gruplar arasındaki farklılaşmalar ise Duncan testi ile belirlenmiştir. Toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler Pearson korelasyon analizi ile bulunmuştur.

Arazi kullanımı değişimlerinden etkilenen toprak özellikleri; organik karbon, karbon depolama kapasitesi, tane yoğunluğu, pH, Eİ, agregat stabilitesi, kum, kil, toz içeriği ve hacim ağırlığıdır.

Organik karbon ve karbon depolama kapasitesi mera, sazlık ve çalılık alanlardaki topraklarda yüksek iken tarım ve kurugöl alanlarında düşüktür. Toprak derinliği arttıkça organik karbon ve karbon depolama kapasitesi azalmıştır. Toprakların organik karbon içeriği; agregat stabilitesi, kil ve karbon depolama kapasitesi ile pozitif; tane yoğunluğu, pH, DO ve hacim ağırlığı ile negatif ilişki göstermiştir. Araştırma sonuçları sulak alan drenajı ve arazi kullanımındaki değişimlerin toprakların karbon içeriklerinde azalmaya neden olduğunu göstermiştir.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

This project was financially supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) with project number: 118Y277. The authors would like to thank İlker Karaca for his support during field studies.

Funding

AG and MHM received fellowships from TUBITAK (Project number: 118Y277).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Engineering Faculty, Department of Environmental Engineering, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240, Niğde, Turkey

    Selma Yaşar Korkanç & Abdurrahman Geçili

  2. Engineering Faculty, Department of Geological Engineering, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240, Niğde, Turkey

    Mustafa Korkanç

  3. Disaster Education and Management Application and Research Center, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240, Niğde, Turkey

    Mustafa Korkanç

  4. Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240, Niğde, Turkey

    Muhammet Hüseyin Mert

  5. Faculty of Forestry, Department of Watershed Management, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Bahçeköy, 34473, Istanbul, Turkey

    Yusuf Serengil

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  1. Selma Yaşar Korkanç
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  2. Mustafa Korkanç
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  3. Muhammet Hüseyin Mert
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  4. Abdurrahman Geçili
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  5. Yusuf Serengil
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Contributions

SYK developed, conseptualized and administrated the research; SYK, MK, AG, performed the fieldwork and collected the data; AG & MHM analysed the data in the laboratory; SYK&MK wrote the manuscript, YS review&edit the manuscript and supervised the research.

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Correspondence to Selma Yaşar Korkanç.

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Yaşar Korkanç, S., Korkanç, M., Mert, M.H. et al. Effects of Land-Use Change on the Soil Organic Carbon and Selected Soil Properties in the Sultan Marshes, Turkey. Wetlands 42, 58 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-022-01577-z

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