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Environmental Drivers and Network Structure of Hylid Anurans (Amphibia: Hylidae) in Floating Meadows from Amazonian Oxbow Lakes

  • Wetland Biodiversity
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Abstract

Despite increasing knowledge of the ecological interactions between species, the dynamics of anurans in aquatic environments are little explored. Thus, our work aims to assess which factors influence the composition and the ecological interactions of hylid anuran species in oxbow lakes in the middle Purus River, Amazonas state, Brazil. We sampled hylid anurans, macroinvertebrates, and macrophyte along 200-m transects, in three lakes with high, medium, and low connectivity on two occasions, once during a flood and again during drought. Variations in hylid anuran assemblages and their ecological interactions were tested as a function of environmental niche, food resources, connectivity level, and hydrological regime. The availability of environmental resources and the availability of food resources were the best factors that explained the distribution of hylid anurans, which were also highly dependent on the variations between the hydrological regimes. The interactions between anurans, macroinvertebrates, and macrophytes showed a modular and specialized structure, which varied according to the connectivity and hydrological regimes of the lakes. Connectance showed an increasing trend from high to low connectivity lakes, suggesting that anurans had low trophic and environmental specialization in lakes with low connectivity. Hylids found in the lake of medium connectivity had higher values of trophic specialization and modularity. Our results illustrate the role of river–lake connectivity and annual hydrological cycle to maintain the aquatic biota and their interactions, and highlight the importance of floating meadows for the maintenance of biodiversity in floodplains.

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All data produced from this study are provided in this manuscript.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) for scholarships awarded, the Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Manejo de Recursos Naturais for financial support via PROAP; Guilherme Cabral for his help during data collection and identification of macrophytes species; to Ednelson for the excellent work as a boatman and local guide, the local residents for the housing and support in the collections, and the graduate students Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Manejo de Recursos Naturais of the Universidade Federal do Acre for helping during fieldwork.

Funding

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES), which granted scholarships to WPR (proc. 88882.448043/2019–01), LRAM, FVA and KC, and by the Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Manejo de Recursos Naturais which provided financial support via Programa de Apoio à Pós-Graduação (PROAP). P. Luna wishes to thank Consejo Nacional de Ciência and Technology for scholarship (71366). FVA thanks CNPQ by PCI-MCTIC/MPEG (302198/2020-2). KC thanks São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) by the grant #2020/12558-0. WPR thanks to CNPq and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás—FAPEG for the Regional Scientific Development Scholarship (Process #317724/2021-5).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidade Federal do Acre, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Manejo de Recursos Naturais, Rio Branco, AC, 69920-900, Brazil

    Lucicléia Railene Assis de Matos & Lisandro Juno Soares Vieira

  2. Instituto Boitatá de Etnobiologia e Conservação da Fauna, Goiânia, GO, 74093-250, Brazil

    Werther Pereira Ramalho

  3. Laboratório de Ecologia, Evolução e Sistemática de Vertebrados, Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, GO, 75901-970, Brazil

    Werther Pereira Ramalho

  4. Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM), Brasília, DF, 70863-520, Brazil

    Filipe Viegas de Arruda

  5. Departamento de Biologia Animal, Laboratório de Estrutura e Dinâmica da Diversidade (LEDDiv), Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Campinas, SP, 13083-872, Brazil

    Karoline Ceron

  6. Instituto de Ecología A. C., Red de Ecoetología, 91073, Xalapa, VE, Mexico

    Pedro Luna

  7. Centro Multidisciplinar, Laboratório de Ecologia Aquática, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Cruzeiro do Sul, Cruzeiro Do Sul, AC, 69895-000, Brazil

    Lucena Rocha Virgílio

  8. Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Laboratório de Ictiologia e Ecologia Aquática, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, 69920-900, Brazil

    Lucena Rocha Virgílio & Lisandro Juno Soares Vieira

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Contributions

All authors contributed to the conceptualization and design of the project. LRAM and WPR collected the data, performed the data analysis, and led the writing of the text. FVA, KC, and PL provided additional expertise on interaction network, performed data analysis, and wrote the text. LRV provided additional expertise on hydrology and river-lake connectivity. LJSV assisted with data interpretation and writing, and supervised this research. All authors critiqued the manuscript and gave final approval for submission.

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Correspondence to Werther Pereira Ramalho.

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This study follows the guidelines and permission to handle and collect animals given by the Ministério do Meio Ambiente / Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (#57791–1).

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de Matos, L.R.A., Ramalho, W.P., de Arruda, F.V. et al. Environmental Drivers and Network Structure of Hylid Anurans (Amphibia: Hylidae) in Floating Meadows from Amazonian Oxbow Lakes. Wetlands 42, 21 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-022-01541-x

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