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Emission Characteristics of Greenhouse Gases and Their Correlation with Water Quality at an Estuarine Mangrove Ecosystem – the Application of an In-situ On-site NDIR Monitoring Technique

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Abstract

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from natural sources have received a considerable attention for the past decade due to their considerable effects on global warming and climate change. Of many natural GHG sources, wetland plays a crucial role in modulating the atmospheric GHGs. This study aims to continuously monitor the emission/uptake of GHGs from an estuarine mangroves in summer August at Southeastern China (23°53′45.32 N, 117°24′07.61E). A self-designed open dynamic floating chamber was applied to collect air samples for continuously measuring GHG concentration in-situ with a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) monitor. Diurnal emission of GHGs (CO2, CH4, and N2O) from the mangroves, the mudflats, and the river water was characterized by considering tidal and solar radiation effects. This study also investigated the seasonal variation of GHG emission and estimated their overall CO2 equivalent (CO2-e). The GHG emission was further correlated with water quality to identify which water quality parameters dominated GHG emission in the estuarine mangroves. A positive correlation was found between CO2 emission and water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and total phosphorus (TP) in water. The emission of CH4 positively correlated with TP, DO, and NH4-N. The emission of N2O was significantly positively correlated with DO, TP, and total nitrogen (TN) in water. This study revealed that N2O was the dominant contributor to the global warming effect in the subtropical estuarine mangroves while compared to CO2 and CH4.

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Acknowledgments

This research was financially supported by the Key Sciences and Technology Project of Fujian Province (WEL201408) and the State Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems of Ministry of Education of China at Xiamen University, the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) and Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) of R.O.C. (Taiwan) under the auspicious of NSC102-EPA-F-009-002, and the National Science Foundation of China (41371127) and the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical of Ministry of Education of China at Fujian Normal University. The authors would also like to express their sincere appreciation to the staffs of the State Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems at Xiamen University for their kind cooperation and constant assistance in the field sampling of GHGs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Wen-Bin Yang & Chung-Shin Yuan

  2. State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China

    Chung-Shin Yuan & Bang-Qin Huang

  3. Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-Tropical Eco-Geographical Processes of Ministry of Education of China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China

    Chuan Tong

  4. Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yet-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Lei Yang

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  1. Wen-Bin Yang
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Correspondence to Chung-Shin Yuan.

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Yang, WB., Yuan, CS., Huang, BQ. et al. Emission Characteristics of Greenhouse Gases and Their Correlation with Water Quality at an Estuarine Mangrove Ecosystem – the Application of an In-situ On-site NDIR Monitoring Technique. Wetlands 38, 723–738 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-018-1015-8

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