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Kungurian sedimentary environments in the slope facies of the Xuyong area, South China, and a comparative analysis of low-latitude palaeogeography

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Abstract

The Kungurian period in the late Palaeozoic was characterized by a climatic transition from icehouse to greenhouse conditions, during which organisms flourished. Thick carbonate rocks developed in shallow water in most of the low-latitude palaeogeographic areas of the globe in this period. The sedimentary environments have long been considered steady and unidirectional. However, studying the Xuyong section in South China and comparing it with other regions may change this view. In this study, we obtained the lithological and geochemical data for slope facies carbonate rocks, including eight sedimentary microfacies from MF1 to MF8. The results showed transgressions in the Xuyong section characterized by an increase in palaeosalinity, a decrease in seawater temperature, and an increase in reduction. By comparing 13 sections from the same low palaeolatitude, we found that there may be four changes in the carbon isotope and strontium isotope chemical strata. These changes might provide support for a potential global palaeoenvironment event, the Kungurian Carbon Isotopic Excursion. Moreover, although the geochemical characteristics in different regions include good comparability, nonetheless seawater circulation and the palaeoclimate were found to be the main factors influencing the carbon cycle after excluding the influence of tectonic factors and volcanic eruptions. Additionally, we inferred that although thick carbonate rocks were produced in different low-latitude oceans, these carbonate rocks did not necessarily form in the same environment. During periods of tectonic stability, the influence of palaeoclimatic conditions on sedimentary environments cannot be ignored.

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Data availability

All the data used in this article were obtained through analyses conducted by the Nanjing Hongchuang Exploration Technology Service Co., Ltd. The geochemistry test result report numbers are HCDK/BG-2018-09-18 and T2018-120. The microscopic analysis number is 180678. All results have been accepted by the Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS. All data can be obtained upon request to the corresponding authors.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Ms. Ruebing Rong for assistance with graphics processing and Professor Yuanhai Zhang for his comments on the manuscript. In addition, we thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.

Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42001011); the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2022GXNSFBA035592); the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Welfare Research Institutes, CAGS (No. 2020015); and the China Geological Survey (Nos. DD20221637, DD20190022, and DD20190672).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, Jilin, China

    Liangjun Wu, Pujun Wang & Jingsong Hu

  2. Laboratory of Geology and Geomorphology, Institute of Karst Geology CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, No. 50 Qixing Road, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China

    Liangjun Wu, Ming Pan, Jiwen Wu, Yu Lin & Wenqiang Shi

  3. Department of Science and Engineering, Liuzhou No. 2 Vocational School, Liuzhou, 545000, China

    Haixian Jiang

  4. Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650031, China

    Ming Pan

  5. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100191, China

    Jiwen Wu & Wenqiang Shi

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  1. Liangjun Wu
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Contributions

The first author, Wu LJ, provided the main contributions of manuscript writing and map-making and received funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42001011), the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (No. 2022GXNSFBA035592), and the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Welfare Research Institutes, CAGS (No. 2020015). The second author, Jiang HX, revised and modified the manuscript and arranged the figure structure. The third and corresponding author, Pan M, mainly conducted field research and analyses and planned the writing. He received funding from the China Geological Survey (Nos. DD20221637 and DD20190022). Wang PJ mainly contributed to the data analysis and regional analysis. Hu JS made contributions to the analysis of geochemical data in the revision. Wu JW and Lin Y carried out the test inspection and wrote the test methods section. Shi WQ collected some of the geological background data and contributed to the introduction section. He received funding from the China Geological Survey (No. DD20190672).

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Wu, L., Jiang, H., Pan, M. et al. Kungurian sedimentary environments in the slope facies of the Xuyong area, South China, and a comparative analysis of low-latitude palaeogeography. Carbonates Evaporites 38, 29 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-023-00853-1

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