ABSTRACT
International clinical trials have demonstrated compelling evidence on the prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes (T2D) by lifestyle change programs. Numerous studies have translated the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) protocol to “real-world” settings. The purpose of this paper is to review the translational research of the DPP protocol in adults at-risk for T2D. This study is a systematic review based on the guidelines from the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews. There were 16 studies that translated the DPP protocol in four distinct settings: (a) hospital outpatient, (b) primary care, (c) community, and (d) work and church. Settings varied considerably in terms of reach, efficacy, adoption, implementation, and maintenance. There were strengths and limitations to each setting. Better understanding of program adaptation and mediators and moderators to program efficacy are indicated. Future research also needs to continue to explore mechanisms to improve access and long-term outcomes.
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The author thanks Heather Jacobs, MPH for assistance in manuscript preparation
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Implications
Practice: To obtain optimal reach, efficacy, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of diabetes prevention translational programs, a variety of programs, settings, and providers are necessary.
Policy: Resources for diabetes prevention programs are needed to enhance the ability to reach diverse adults at-risk for type 2 diabetes and to implement diabetes prevention programs in clinical and community settings.
Research: Future research needs to examine mechanisms for dissemination and implementation of diabetes prevention programs in clinical and community settings as well as examine mechanisms for efficient coordination of programs with follow-up.
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Whittemore, R. A systematic review of the translational research on the Diabetes Prevention Program. Behav. Med. Pract. Policy Res. 1, 480–491 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13142-011-0062-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13142-011-0062-y