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Experimental study on the mitigation effect of mangroves during tsunami wave propagation

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Abstract

Mangroves are crucial for protecting coastal areas against extreme disasters such as tsunamis and storm surges. An experimental study was conducted to determine how mangroves can mitigate the tsunami wave propagation. The test was performed in a flume, where mangrove models were installed on a slope, and dam-burst waves were used to simulate tsunami waves. To study how mangrove forests reduce the impact of tsunamis, this paper measured the heights of the incoming waves under different initial conditions (tsunami wave intensity and initial water depth) and plant factors (arrangement and distribution density) and described the reduction process. The results show that, after passing through the mangrove, the tsunami bore height will decrease within a certain range as the initial water depth increases. However, there is no correlation between the increase of inundation level and the drop of water level. The bore height attenuation is more significant at higher density of mangroves, but after tsunami passing through the mangroves, the relative bore height will decrease. When the distribution density of mangroves is constant, the wave attenuation at different locations (before, on and after the slope) shows different relationships with the initial water depth and wave height for different models. The transmission coefficient (Ki) shows a parabolic correlation with its density. The proportion of the energy loss caused by the mangrove resistance to the total energy (Eb) is defined as Cm2. The variation trend of Cm2 corresponds to the tsunami wave energy attenuation rate (Ca) and Ki.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China

    Cheng Chen, Chen Peng, Hui Yan, Minjian Wei & Tingyu Wang

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  1. Cheng Chen
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  2. Chen Peng
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  3. Hui Yan
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  4. Minjian Wei
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  5. Tingyu Wang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cheng Chen.

Additional information

Foundation item: The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 51809047 and U22A20585; the Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation under contract No. 2019J05029.

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Chen, C., Peng, C., Yan, H. et al. Experimental study on the mitigation effect of mangroves during tsunami wave propagation. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 42, 124–137 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-023-2161-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-023-2161-2

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