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Ophiuroid fauna of cobalt-rich crust seamounts in the Northwest Pacific Ocean

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Abstract

Seamounts are vulnerable ecosystems in the deep sea and can be heavily impacted by human activities, such as bottom fishing and deep-sea mining. The species composition and distribution patterns of benthic fauna is key information for the designation of marine protected areas and environmental management plans. Three contracts for cobalt-rich crust exploration have been granted to China, Japan and Korea in the Northwest Pacific Ocean by the International Seabed Authority. However, our knowledge of benthic biodiversity in this area is extremely insufficient. During 2013–2020, eight Chinese Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association (COMRA) cruises were conducted to investigate the benthic assemblages of nine seamounts in this region. In this study, 191 ophiuroids collected from seamounts in the Northwest Pacific were identified into 29 species in 11 families. Ophiacanthidae and Euryalidae were the two most dominant families with 12 and 6 species, respectively. Ophiotomidae and Ophiopyrgidae were represented by two species each, while seven families were represented by only one species. Four species were widely distributed among 4–5 seamounts, and 17 species were found only at a single site. An integrated regional taxonomic dataset of Ophiuroidea was generated and analyzed. A total of 23 and 14 species were obtained from the Magellan Seamount Chain (MSC) and the Marcus-Wake seamounts (MWS), respectively, with 8 species shared between the two seamount groups. The individual-based rarefaction curves did not reach an asymptote, suggesting that the sampling effort was inadequate for either the entire region or each single seamount. Most species distributed in a narrow depth range, and the species composition was different between water depths above and below 2 000 m. Our results greatly improve the understanding of megafaunal biodiversity from seamounts in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, and highlight the necessity of further surveys to provide more robust information for environmental protection and management in this region.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all crew for their help with the field investigations. We appreciate the Jiaolong team from the National Deep Sea Center, the Haima team from the Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, the Hailong III team from the National Deep Sea Center and Shanghai Jiao Tong University for their wonderful assistance during sample collection. We also thank Xiaogu Wang for his help with specimen processing on board, storage and management.

Funding

The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 42076135; the China Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association under contract Nos DY135-E2-2-03 and DY135-E2-2-06; the Project of State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, under contract No. SOEDZZ2002; the Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources under contract No. JG1528.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China

    Wanying Chen, Jieying Na, Chengcheng Shen, Ruiyan Zhang, Bo Lu, Hong Cheng, Chunsheng Wang & Dongsheng Zhang

  2. School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Jieying Na, Ruiyan Zhang, Chunsheng Wang & Dongsheng Zhang

  3. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519082, China

    Chunsheng Wang & Dongsheng Zhang

  4. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China

    Chunsheng Wang

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  3. Chengcheng Shen
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  4. Ruiyan Zhang
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  5. Bo Lu
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  6. Hong Cheng
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  7. Chunsheng Wang
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  8. Dongsheng Zhang
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Correspondence to Dongsheng Zhang.

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Chen, W., Na, J., Shen, C. et al. Ophiuroid fauna of cobalt-rich crust seamounts in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 40, 55–78 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-021-1887-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-021-1887-y

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