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Development and assessment of the disposition index based on the oral glucose tolerance test in subjects with different glycaemic status

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Abstract

Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity indexes are related by hyperbolic functions, allowing the calculation of the disposition index (DI) as the product of the acute insulin response (AIR) and the insulin sensitivity index (Si) from intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT). Our objective was to develop an oral-DI based on the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and to assess its association with glucose tolerance status. This research is structured in three studies. Study 1: OGTT were performed in 833 non-diabetic Chilean women (18–60 years) without family history of diabetes mellitus. Study 2: an independent group of n = 57 non-diabetic (18–46 years) without family history of diabetes mellitus carried out an OGTT and an abbreviated IVGTT. Study 3: a sample of 1674 Chilean adults (18–60 years) with different glycaemic status performed an OGTT. An adequate statistical fit for a rectangular hyperbola was found between the area under the curve of insulin-to-glucose ratio (AUCI/G-R) and the Matsuda ISI-COMP index (study 1). The oral-DI derived as AUCI/G-R × ISI-COMP was previously termed insulin-secretion-sensitivity index-2 (ISSI-2). ISSI-2 significantly correlated with DI from IVGTT (rho = 0.34; p = 0.009) (study 2). ISSI-2 shows important differences across groups of subjects with different glycaemic status (study 3). We have confirmed that ISSI-2 replicates the mathematical properties of DI, showing significant correlations with DI from the abbreviated MM-IVGTT. These results indicate that ISSI-2 constitutes a surrogate measure of insulin secretion relative to insulin sensitivity and emphasizes the pivotal role of impaired insulin secretion in the development of glucose homeostasis dysregulation.

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Acknowledgments

This study is supported by Chilean grant FONDECYT 1150416 and (Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 340, Santiago, Chile

    J. L. Santos, I. Yévenes, L. R. Cataldo, M. Morales, J. Galgani, C. Arancibia, J. Vega, P. Olmos, M. Flores & F. Pollak

  2. Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina Odontología, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile

    J. P. Valderas

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  1. J. L. Santos
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  2. I. Yévenes
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  3. L. R. Cataldo
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  4. M. Morales
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  5. J. Galgani
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  6. C. Arancibia
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  8. P. Olmos
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  9. M. Flores
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  10. J. P. Valderas
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  11. F. Pollak
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Correspondence to J. L. Santos.

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This research was approved by the Ethics committee of the School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (Santiago, Chile).

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Santos, J.L., Yévenes, I., Cataldo, L.R. et al. Development and assessment of the disposition index based on the oral glucose tolerance test in subjects with different glycaemic status. J Physiol Biochem 72, 121–131 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-015-0458-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-015-0458-0

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