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Inhibition of carbohydrate and lipid digestive enzymes activities by Zygophyllum album extracts: effect on blood and pancreas inflammatory biomarkers in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

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Abstract

Zygophyllum album has been used as herbal medicine in Southern Tunisia to treat several diseases such as diabetes mellitus. This study is aimed to reveal the mechanisms underlying the antihyperglycemic potential, the anti-inflammatory and the protective hematological proprieties of this plant in diabetic rats. The inhibition of the α-amylase activity by different solvent-extract fractions of Z. album was tested in vitro. The fraction endowed with the powerful inhibitory activity against α-amylase was administered to surviving diabetic rats for 30 days. Data from in vitro indicated that each extract from the medicinal plant showed moderate inhibition of α-amylase enzyme except the ethyl acetate extract which was ineffective. The powerful inhibition was achieved by ethanol extract of Z. album (EZA) with an IC50 of 43.48 μg/ml as compared to acarbose (Acar) with an IC50 of 14.88 μg/ml. In vivo, the results showed that EZA decreased the α-amylase levels in serum, pancreas and intestine of diabetic rats by 40 %, 45 % and 46 %, respectively, associated with considerably reduction in blood glucose rate by 61 %. Moreover, the EZA helped to protect the structure and function of the β-cells. Interestingly, EZA had a potent anti-inflammatory effect which is manifested by decreases in CRP and TNF-α levels. Overall, a notable reduction in lipase activity both in serum and small intestine of treated diabetic rats resulted in the improvement of serum and liver lipids profile. Z. album showed a prominent antidiabetic effect via inhibition of carbohydrate and lipid digestive enzymes and ameliorated the inflammation and the disturbance of hematological biomarkers in diabetes.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research and the Tunisian Ministry of Public Health. The authors wish to express their sincere gratitude to Dr. Zaeir Aloui, the former Chief of Surgery Bloc at Hospital of Sidi Bouzid, for his assistance and encouragement to realize this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 95, Sfax, 3052, Tunisia

    Kais Mnafgui, Khaled Hamden & Abdelfattah Elfeki

  2. Hematological and Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Hospital of Sidi Bouzid, Sidi Bouzid, 9100, Tunisia

    Kais Mnafgui, Fatma Derbali, Sadok Slama & Mbarek Nasri

  3. Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P. 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia

    Mouna Kchaou, Hichem Ben Salah & Noureddine Allouche

  4. Biotechnology High School of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 261, Sfax, 3052, Tunisia

    Khaled Hamden

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  1. Kais Mnafgui
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  2. Mouna Kchaou
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  3. Khaled Hamden
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  4. Fatma Derbali
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  6. Mbarek Nasri
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  7. Hichem Ben Salah
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  8. Noureddine Allouche
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  9. Abdelfattah Elfeki
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Correspondence to Kais Mnafgui.

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Kchaou and Hamden contributed equally to this work

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Mnafgui, K., Kchaou, M., Hamden, K. et al. Inhibition of carbohydrate and lipid digestive enzymes activities by Zygophyllum album extracts: effect on blood and pancreas inflammatory biomarkers in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Physiol Biochem 70, 93–106 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-013-0284-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-013-0284-1

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