Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Combinatorial Plasma Sputtering of PtxPdy Thin Film Electrocatalysts for Aqueous SO2 Electro-oxidation

  • Original Research
  • Published:
Electrocatalysis Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A combinatorial sputtering system, based on magnetron enhanced plasma sputtering, was employed in the syntheses of PtxPdy thin film catalysts, and a multi-channel potentiostat allowed for high-throughput parallel screening of the deposited electrocatalysts towards the electro-oxidation of aqueous sulphur dioxide (SO2). Employing onset potential as the screening criterion, it was found that three PtxPdy bimetallic combinations exhibited satisfactory performance with the best compositions being that of Pt3Pd2 and PtPd4. Both these combinations exhibited the same lower onset potential of 0.587 ± 0.004 V, SHE compared to that of pure Pt (0.598 ± 0.011 V, SHE), and in addition contain less Pt in achieving these onset potentials.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. W.A. Summer, M.B. Gorensek, M.R. Buckner, The hybrid sulfur cycle for nuclear hydrogen production, Doc No. WSRC-MS-2005-00509, Report No. OSTI ID: 881467, 8 September, (2005)

  2. J.A. O`Brien, J.T. Hinkely, S.W. Donne, J. Electrochem. Soc. 159, F585 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. H. Colon-Mercado, M. Elvington, D. Hobbs, Close-out report for HyS electrolyzer component development work at Savannah River National Laboratory, Report No. SRS SRNL-STI-2010-00019, (2010)

  4. L. Xue, P. Zhang, S. Chen, L. Wang, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 39, 14196 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. R. C. Weast, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 70th edn. (CRC Press Inc, Boca Raton, Florida, 1989-1990)

  6. B.D. Struck, R. Junginger, D. Boltersdorf, J. Gehrmann, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 5, 487 (1980)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. R.J. Kriek, J.P. van Ravenswaay, M. Potgieter, A. Calitz, V. Lates, M.E. Bjorketun, S. Siahrostami, J. Rossmeisl, J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall. 113, 593 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  8. M.B. Gorensek, W.A. Summer, C.O. Bolthrunis, E.J. Lahoda, D.T. Allen, R. Greyvenstein, Hybrid Sulfur Process Reference Design and Cost Analysis - Final Report SRNL-L1200-2008-00002. Rev 1, (2009)

  9. K. Wiesener, Electrochim. Acta 18, 185 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. P. Lu, R. Ammon, J. Electrochem. Soc. 127, 2610 (1980)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. H.R. Colon-Mercado, D.T. Hobbs, Electrochem. Commun. 9, 2649 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. J. Loskyll, K. Stoewe, W.F. Maier, Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 12, 0541011 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. P. Strasser, Q. Fan, M. Devenney, W.H. Weinberg, J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 11013 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. E.S. Smotkin, J. Jiang, A. Nayar, R. Liu, Appl. Surf. Sci. 252, 2573 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. A.D. Spong, G. Vitins, S. Guerin, B.E. Hayden, J. Power Sources 119–121, 778 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. T. Gebhardt, D. Music, T. Takahashi, J.M. Schneider, Thin Solid Films 520, 5491 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. J.J. Hanak, J. Mater. Sci. 5, 964 (1970)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. X.D. Xiang, X. Sun, G. Briceno, Y. Lou, K. Wang, H. Chang, W.G. Wallace-Freedman, S. Chen, P.G. Scultz, Science 268, 1738 (1995)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. X.D. Xiang, Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. 29, 149 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. M. Black, J. Cooper, P. McGinn, Chem. Eng. Sci. 59, 4839 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. S. Miertus, G. Fassina, Combinatorial chemistry and technology (Marcel Dekker, New York, 1999)

    Google Scholar 

  22. R.W. Cahn, Nature 410, 643 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. R.B. van Dover, L.F. Schneemeyer, R.M. Fleming, Nature 392, 162 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Y. Matsumoto, M. Murakami, Z. Jin, A. Ohtomo, M. Lippmaa, M. Kawasaki, H. Koinuma, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 38, L603 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. H. Chang, I. Takeuchi, X.D. Xiang, App. Phys. Lett. 74, 1165 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. W.F. Maier, K. Stowe, S. Sieg, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 46, 6016 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. E. Reddington, A. Sapienza, B. Gurau, R. Viswanathan, S. Saragapani, E.S. Smotkin, T.E. Mallouk, Science 280, 1735 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. C.K. Kjartansdottir, L.P. Nielsen, P. Moller, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 38, 8221 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. J.S. Cooper, P.J. McGinn, Appl. Surf. Sci. 254, 662 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. L. Wang, P. Zhang, S. Chen, J. Xu, Nucl. Eng. Des. 271, 60 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. P.W.T. Lu, R.L. Ammon, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 7, 563 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. R.J. Kriek, J. Rossmeisl, S. Siahrostami, M.E. Bjorketun, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, 9572 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. C.J. Warren, R.C. Haushalter, L. Matsiev, Combinatorial electrochemical deposition and testing system, vol. US 6756109 B2 (Symyx Technologies, Inc., 2004)

  34. J.S. Cooper, P.J. McGinn, J. Power Sources 163, 330 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. J.A. O'Brien, J.T. Hinkley, S.W. Donne, J. Electrochem. Soc. 157, F111 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. J.S. Cooper, G. Zhang, P.J. McGinn, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 76, 062221 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. C. Song, J. Zhang, in PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts and Catalyst Layers, ed. by J. Zhang, (Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2008), p. 97

  38. S. Jayaraman, A.C. Hillier, J. Comb. Chem. 6, 27 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. M.U. Kleinke, M. Knobel, L.O. Bonugli, O. Teschke, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 22, 759 (1997)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. B.D. McNicol, R. Miles, R.T. Short, Electrochim. Acta 28, 1285 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. S. Trasatti, O.A. Petrii, Pure Appl. Chem. 63, 1285 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. T. Bieger, D.A.J. Rand, R. Woods, J. Electroanal. Chem. 29, 269 (1971)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. R.P. Simprag, B.E. Conway, Electrochim. Acta 43, 3045 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. L. Fang, Q. Tao, M. Li, L. Liao, D. Chen, Y. Chen, Chin. J. Chem. Phys. 23, 543 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The financial assistance of the National Research Foundation (NRF) towards this research is hereby acknowledged. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at are those of the authors and are not necessarily to be attributed to the NRF. The assistance of Dr. L. Tiedt with SEM and EDX is gratefully acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Electrochemistry for Energy & Environment Group, Research Focus Area: Chemical Resource Beneficiation (CRB), North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa

    A. Falch, V. Lates & R. J. Kriek

Authors
  1. A. Falch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. V. Lates
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. R. J. Kriek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. J. Kriek.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Falch, A., Lates, V. & Kriek, R.J. Combinatorial Plasma Sputtering of PtxPdy Thin Film Electrocatalysts for Aqueous SO2 Electro-oxidation. Electrocatalysis 6, 322–330 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12678-015-0253-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12678-015-0253-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation