Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Negative Symptoms in Patients Diagnosed with Schizophrenia: a Meta-analysis

  • ORIGINAL PAPER
  • Published:
Mindfulness Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objectives

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) can effectively relieve negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. However, the effect size of MBIs and their potential influencing factors remain unclear.

Methods

We searched different databases and performed a meta-analysis to determine the efficacy of MBIs for the treatment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Standard mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess effect sizes of MBIs for negative symptoms. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis were used to explore the potential influencing factors of the pooled SMD of MBIs for negative symptoms.

Results

We identified 26 randomized controlled trials including 1725 individuals with schizophrenia. We observed a small-to-large effect size of MBIs for negative symptoms. The pooled SMD of MBIs for negative symptoms was − 0.59 (95% CI: − 0.87 to − 0.32), with a heterogeneity (I2) of 83.6% (95% CI: 76.9 to 88.4%; p < 0.01) based on a random effects model. In the subgroup analysis, significant differences were found with “Different Geographical Location of Treatment Study” (p < 0.01) and “Different Lengths of MBIs treatment” (p = 0.02). Meta-regression analysis showed that publication year was a significant predictor of the effect size of MBIs for negative symptoms (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

We identified a small-to-large effect size of MBIs to relieve negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. The number of sessions and different cultures were associated with the efficacy of MBT for negative symptoms.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

References marked with an * indicate inclusion of the article in this review

  • Alter, J. S. (1997). A therapy to live by: Public health, the self and nationalism in the practice of a North Indian yoga society. Medical Anthropology, 17(4), 309–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/01459740.1997.9966144

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bach, P., Hayes, S. C., & Gallop, R. (2012). Long-term effects of brief acceptance and commitment therapy for psychosis. Behavior Modification, 36(2), 165–181. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445511427193

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • *Bhatia, T., Mazumdar, S., Wood, J., He, F., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., Nimgaonkar, V. L., & Deshpande, S. N. (2017). A randomised controlled trial of adjunctive yoga and adjunctive physical exercise training for cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. Acta Neuropsychiatrica, 29(2), 102–114. https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2016.42

  • Böge, K., Karadza, A., Fuchs, L. M., Ehlen, F., Ta, T. M. T., Thomas, N., Bajbouj, M., & Hahn, E. (2020). Mindfulness-based interventions for in-patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders-A qualitative approach. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 600. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00600

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P., & Rothstein, H. R. (2021). Introduction to meta-analysis. John Wiley & Sons.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Chan, C. M., Cao, T., & Gao, M. T. (2015). Chinese conception of mental illness: A comparative culture analysis. Asian Journal of Pharmacy, Nursing and Medicial Sciences, 3(1), 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chien, W. T., & Thompson, D. R. (2014). Effects of a mindfulness-based psychoeducation programme for Chinese patients with schizophrenia: 2-year follow-up. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 205(1), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.134635

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203771587

  • Dauwan, M., Begemann, M. J., Heringa, S. M., & Sommer, I. E. (2016). Exercise improves clinical symptoms, quality of life, global functioning, and depression in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 42(3), 588–599. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbv164

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Downs, J., Dean, H., Lechler, S., Sears, N., Patel, R., Shetty, H., Hotopf, M., Ford, T., Kyriakopoulos, M., Diaz-Caneja, C. M., Arango, C., MacCabe, J. H., Hayes, R. D., & Pina-Camacho, L. (2019). Negative symptoms in early-onset psychosis and their association with antipsychotic treatment failure. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 45(1), 69–79. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbx197

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fagard, R. H., Staessen, J. A., & Thijs, L. (1996). Advantages and disadvantages of the meta-analysis approach. Journal of Hypertension Supplement, 14(2), S9–S12; discussion S13. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004872-199609002-00004.

  • Fervaha, G., Foussias, G., Agid, O., & Remington, G. (2014). Impact of primary negative symptoms on functional outcomes in schizophrenia. European Psychiatry, 29(7), 449–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.01.007

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Galderisi, S., Mucci, A., Buchanan, R. W., & Arango, C. (2018). Negative symptoms of schizophrenia: New developments and unanswered research questions. The Lancet Psychiatry, 5(8), 664–677. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(18)30050-6

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garland, E. L. (2016). Restructuring reward processing with mindfulness-oriented recovery enhancement: Novel therapeutic mechanisms to remediate hedonic dysregulation in addiction, stress, and pain. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1373(1), 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13034

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, S. B., Tucker, R. P., Greene, P. A., Davidson, R. J., Wampold, B. E., Kearney, D. J., & Simpson, T. L. (2018). Mindfulness-based interventions for psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 59, 52–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.10.011

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hodann-Caudevilla, R. M., Díaz-Silveira, C., Burgos-Julián, F. A., & Santed, M. A. (2020). Mindfulness-based interventions for people with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(13), 4690. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134690

  • Hoyez, A. C. (2007). The ‘world of yoga’: The production and reproduction of therapeutic landscapes. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 65(1), 112–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.02.050

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jadad, A. R., Moher, D., & Klassen, T. P. (1998). Guides for reading and interpreting systematic reviews: II. How did the authors find the studies and assess their quality? Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 152(8), 812–817. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.152.8.812

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jang, J. H., Jung, W. H., Kang, D. H., Byun, M. S., Kwon, S. J., Choi, C. H., & Kwon, J. S. (2011). Increased default mode network connectivity associated with meditation. Neuroscience Letters, 487(3), 358–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2010.10.056

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jansen, J. E., Gleeson, J., Bendall, S., Rice, S., & Alvarez-Jimenez, M. (2020). Acceptance- and mindfulness-based interventions for persons with psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Research, 215, 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2019.11.016

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalin, M., Kaplan, S., Gould, F., Pinkham, A. E., Penn, D. L., & Harvey, P. D. (2015). Social cognition, social competence, negative symptoms and social outcomes: Inter-relationships in people with schizophrenia. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 68, 254–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.07.008

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kallapiran, K., Koo, S., Kirubakaran, R., & Hancock, K. (2015). Review: Effectiveness of mindfulness in improving mental health symptoms of children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 20(4), 182–194. https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12113

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khoury, B., Lecomte, T., Fortin, G., Masse, M., Therien, P., Bouchard, V., Chapleau, M. A., Paquin, K., & Hofmann, S. G. (2013). Mindfulness-based therapy: A comprehensive meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 33(6), 763–771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2013.05.005

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • King, A. P., Block, S. R., Sripada, R. K., Rauch, S., Giardino, N., Favorite, T., Angstadt, M., Kessler, D., Welsh, R., & Liberzon, I. (2016). Altered default mode network (DMN) resting state functional connectivity following a mindfulness-based exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in combat veterans of Afghanistan and Iraq. Depression and Anxiety, 33(4), 289–299. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22481

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kirk, U., & Montague, P. R. (2015). Mindfulness meditation modulates reward prediction errors in a passive conditioning task. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 90. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00090

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kirmayer, L. J. (2015). Mindfulness in cultural context. Transcultural Psychiatry, 52(4), 447–469. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363461515598949

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, Y. C., Li, I. L., & Hsiao, F. H. (2021). Effectiveness of mindfulness-based intervention on psychotic symptoms for patients with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 77(6), 2565–2580. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14750

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Louise, S., Fitzpatrick, M., Strauss, C., Rossell, S. L., & Thomas, N. (2018). Mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions for psychosis: Our current understanding and a meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Research, 192, 57–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2017.05.023

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Luchterhand, C., Rakel, D., Haq, C., Grant, L., Byars-Winston, A., Tyska, S., & Engles, K. (2015). Creating a culture of mindfulness in medicine. WMJ, 114(3), 105–109.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lyu, D., Lyu, X., Zhang, Y., Ren, Y., Yang, F., Zhou, L., Zou, Y., & Li, Z. (2018). Tai chi for stroke rehabilitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 983. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00983

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Minozzi, S., Dwan, K., Borrelli, F., & Filippini, G. (2021). Reliability of the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials (RoB2) improved with the use of implementation instruction. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 141, 99–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.09.021

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2010). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. International Journal of Surgery (london, England), 8(5), 336–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2010.02.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, P. (2008). Introducing mindfulness to clinical psychologists in training: An experiential course of brief exercises. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 15(4), 331–337. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-008-9134-7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rabinowitz, J., Levine, S. Z., Garibaldi, G., Bugarski-Kirola, D., Berardo, C. G., & Kapur, S. (2012). Negative symptoms have greater impact on functioning than positive symptoms in schizophrenia: Analysis of CATIE data. Schizophrenia Research, 137(1–3), 147–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2012.01.015

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • *Rao, N. P., Ramachandran, P., Jacob, A., Joseph, A., Thonse, U., Nagendra, B., Chako, D. M., Shiri, S., Hassan, H., Sreenivas, V., Maran, S., Durgam, D., Nandakumar, K., Varambally, S., & Gangadhar, B. N. (2021). Add on yoga treatment for negative symptoms of schizophrenia: A multi-centric, randomized controlled trial. Schizophrenia Research, 231, 90–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2021.03.021

  • Remington, G., Foussias, G., Fervaha, G., Agid, O., Takeuchi, H., Lee, J., & Hahn, M. (2016). Treating negative symptoms in schizophrenia: An update. Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry, 3, 133–150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40501-016-0075-8

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sabe, M., Sentissi, O., & Kaiser, S. (2019). Meditation-based mind-body therapies for negative symptoms of schizophrenia: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Research, 212, 15–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2019.07.030

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schonert-Reichl, K. A., Oberle, E., Lawlor, M. S., Abbott, D., Thomson, K., Oberlander, T. F., & Diamond, A. (2015). Enhancing cognitive and social-emotional development through a simple-to-administer mindfulness-based school program for elementary school children: A randomized controlled trial. Developmental Psychology, 51(1), 52–66. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038454

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • *Shawyer, F., Farhall, J., Mackinnon, A., Trauer, T., Sims, E., Ratcliff, K., Larner, C., Thomas, N., Castle, D., Mullen, P., & Copolov, D. (2012). A randomised controlled trial of acceptance-based cognitive behavioural therapy for command hallucinations in psychotic disorders. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 50(2), 110–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2011.11.007

  • Smigielski, L., Scheidegger, M., Kometer, M., & Vollenweider, F. X. (2019). Psilocybin-assisted mindfulness training modulates self-consciousness and brain default mode network connectivity with lasting effects. NeuroImage, 196, 207–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.04.009

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spijkerman, M. P., Pots, W. T., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2016). Effectiveness of online mindfulness-based interventions in improving mental health: A review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Clinical Psychology Review, 45, 102–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.03.009

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tao, T. J., Hui, C. L. M., Lam, B. S. T., Ho, E. C. N., Hui, P. W. M., Suen, Y. N., Lin, J. J., Tong, A. C. Y., Lee, E. H. M., Chan, S. K. W., Chang, W. C., & Chen, E. Y. H. (2021). Mindfulness meditation for Chinese patients with psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Research, 237, 103–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2021.08.033

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, M., & Gauntlett-Gilbert, J. (2008). Mindfulness with children and adolescents: Effective clinical application. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 13(3), 395–407. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104508090603

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, J. J., Rochtchina, E., Tan, A. G., Cumming, R. G., Leeder, S. R., & Mitchell, P. (2009). Use of inhaled and oral corticosteroids and the long-term risk of cataract. Ophthalmology, 116(4), 652–657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.12.001

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xu, W., & Liu, X. (2013). Mindfulness training enhances individual’s well-being: A review. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 27(3), 197–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zou, L., Yeung, A., Quan, X., Hui, S. S., Hu, X., Chan, J. S. M., Wang, C., Boyden, S. D., Sun, L., & Wang, H. (2018). Mindfulness-based Baduanjin exercise for depression and anxiety in people with physical or mental illnesses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(2), 321. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15020321

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, L., Mao, Y., & Ye, D. (2021). Mindfulness-based therapy combined with risperidone treatment for emotional disorder in schizophrenic patients during the recovery period. Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy, 28(5), 686–689.

    Google Scholar 

  • Govindaraj, R., Naik, S. S., Mehta, U. M., Sharma, M., Varambally, S., & Gangadhar, B. N. (2021). Yoga therapy for social cognition in schizophrenia: An experimental medicine-based randomized controlled trial. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 62, 102731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102731

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, K. H. (2019). A randomized controlled trial of mindfulness in patients with schizophrenia(). Psychiatry Research, 275, 137–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2019.02.079

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, X., Wen, M., Huang, H., & Jiang, Y. (2019). Effect of mindfulness psychological intervention on medication compliance and relapse in convalescent schizophrenia. China Medicine and Pharmacy, 9(23), 278–281.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ni, L., Ye, C., Qian, X., & Ma, K. (2019). Effect of yoga therapy on mental symptoms of inpatients with schizophrenia. Journal of International Psychiatry, 46(3), 463–466.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang, S., Cao, X., & Shen, C. (2018). The influence of mindfulness training on social function of inpatients with schizophrenia. Shanghai Nursing, 18(6), 21–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu, S., Xie, J., Peng, L., Fu, C., Li, M., & Xiong, J. (2018). Effects of mindfulness psychological intervention on emotional experience and attentional control of convalescent soldiers with schizophrenia. Journal of the Third Military Medical University, 40(17), 1527–1532.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chien, W. T., Bressington, D., Yip, A., & Karatzias, T. (2017). An international multi-site, randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness-based psychoeducation group programme for people with schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine, 47(12), 2081–2096. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717000526

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Shawyer, F., Farhall, J., Thomas, N., Hayes, S. C., Gallop, R., Copolov, D., & Castle, D. J. (2017). Acceptance and commitment therapy for psychosis: Randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Psychiatry, 210(2), 140–148. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.116.182865

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, L., & Wang, B. (2017). Intervention study of group acceptance and commitment therapy on quality of life in patients with schizophrenia during rehabilitation. Master’s thesis Shanxi Medical University.

  • Ho, R. T., Fong, T. C., Wan, A. H., Au-Yeung, F. S., Wong, C. P., Ng, W. Y., Cheung, I. K., Lo, P. H., Ng, S. M., Chan, C. L., & Chen, E. Y. (2016). A randomized controlled trial on the psychophysiological effects of physical exercise and Tai-chi in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 171(1–3), 42–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2016.01.038

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, L. Q., Chien, W. T., Yip, L. K., & Karatzias, T. (2016). A randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness-based intervention program for people with schizophrenia: 6-month follow-up. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 12, 3097–3110. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S123239

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Paikkatt, B., Singh, A. R., Singh, P. K., Jahan, M., & Ranjan, J. K. (2015). Efficacy of yoga therapy for the management of psychopathology of patients having chronic schizophrenia. Indian J Psychiatry, 57(4), 355–360. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.171837

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, J., Chan, S. K., Lee, E. H., Chang, W. C., Tse, M., Su, W. W., Sham, P., Hui, C. L., Joe, G., Chan, C. L., Khong, P. L., So, K. F., Honer, W. G., & Chen, E. Y. (2015). Aerobic exercise and yoga improve neurocognitive function in women with early psychosis. NPJ Schizophrenia, 1, 15047. https://doi.org/10.1038/npjschz.2015.47

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Isuru, L. L., Dahanayake, D. M. A., de Alwis, A., Weerasinghe, A., Hewage, S. N., & Ranasinghe, C. K. (2015). Impact of dance, drama, yoga and music therapy workshops on symptom reduction in patients with schizophrenia: A randomized controlled study. South Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 3(2), 3–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lopez-Navarro, E., Del Canto, C., Belber, M., Mayol, A., Fernandez-Alonso, O., Lluis, J., Munar, E., & Chadwick, P. (2015). Mindfulness improves psychological quality of life in community-based patients with severe mental health problems: A pilot randomized clinical trial. Schizophrenia Research, 168(1–2), 530–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2015.08.016

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ikai, S., Suzuki, T., Uchida, H., Saruta, J., Tsukinoki, K., Fujii, Y., & Mimura, M. (2014). Effects of weekly one-hour Hatha yoga therapy on resilience and stress levels in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: An eight-week randomized controlled trial. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 20(11), 823–830. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2014.0205

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jayaram, N., Varambally, S., Behere, R. V., Venkatasubramanian, G., Arasappa, R., Christopher, R., & Gangadhar, B. N. (2013). Effect of yoga therapy on plasma oxytocin and facial emotion recognition deficits in patients of schizophrenia. Indian J Psychiatry, 55(Suppl 3), S409-413. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.116318

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Varambally, S., Gangadhar, B. N., Thirthalli, J., Jagannathan, A., Kumar, S., Venkatasubramanian, G., Muralidhar, D., Subbakrishna, D. K., & Nagendra, H. R. (2012). Therapeutic efficacy of add-on yogasana intervention in stabilized outpatient schizophrenia: Randomized controlled comparison with exercise and waitlist. Indian J Psychiatry, 54(3), 227–232. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.102414

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ho, R. T., Au Yeung, F. S., Lo, P. H., Law, K. Y., Wong, K. O., Cheung, I. K., & Ng, S. M. (2012). Tai-chi for residential patients with schizophrenia on movement coordination, negative symptoms, and functioning: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2012, 923925. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/923925

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Visceglia, E., & Lewis, S. (2011). Yoga therapy as an adjunctive treatment for schizophrenia: A randomized, controlled pilot study. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 17(7), 601–607. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2010.0075

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Behere, R. V., Arasappa, R., Jagannathan, A., Varambally, S., Venkatasubramanian, G., Thirthalli, J., Subbakrishna, D. K., Nagendra, H. R., & Gangadhar, B. N. (2011). Effect of yoga therapy on facial emotion recognition deficits, symptoms and functioning in patients with schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatrica Scand., 123(2), 147–153. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01605.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • White, R., Gumley, A., McTaggart, J., Rattrie, L., McConville, D., Cleare, S., & Mitchell, G. (2011). A feasibility study of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for emotional dysfunction following psychosis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49(12), 901–907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2011.09.003

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grant No. 82001445 and the Natural Science Foundation of Capital Medical University (CN) under Grant No. PYZ19039.

Author information

Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China

      Jiabao Chai & Na Hu

    2. Department of Psychiatry, Beijing First Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China

      Xue Xiao

    3. Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands

      Ning An

    4. Beijing Changping District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China

      Fuquan Liu

    5. Xibeiwang Community Health Center of Haidian District, Beijing, China

      Shijie Liu

    6. School of Psychology, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China

      Yin Yang

    7. Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children Healthy, 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100101, China

      Yonghua Cui & Ying Li

    Authors
    1. Jiabao Chai
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    2. Xue Xiao
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    3. Ning An
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    4. Fuquan Liu
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    5. Shijie Liu
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    6. Na Hu
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    7. Yin Yang
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    8. Yonghua Cui
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    9. Ying Li
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    Contributions

    JBC, XX, NA, SJL, FQL, and NH were involved in the interpretation of results and manuscript preparation. YY, YHC, and YL were involved in the conceptualization and design of the study. Yin Yang, Yonghua Cui, and Ying Li contributed equally to this article.

    Corresponding author

    Correspondence to Ying Li.

    Ethics declarations

    Ethics Approval

    Not applicable.

    Competing Interests

    The authors declare no competing interests.

    Additional information

    Publisher's Note

    Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

    Supplementary Information

    Rights and permissions

    Reprints and permissions

    About this article

    Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

    Cite this article

    Chai, J., Xiao, X., An, N. et al. Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Negative Symptoms in Patients Diagnosed with Schizophrenia: a Meta-analysis. Mindfulness 13, 2069–2081 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-022-01942-3

    Download citation

    • Accepted:

    • Published:

    • Issue Date:

    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-022-01942-3

    Keywords

    Search

    Navigation