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Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy: Possible Role for Nrf2/HO-1 and TGF-β/Sirt-1 Pathways

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Abstract

The current study assessed the impact of cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanocerium, NC) on adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy in addition to the physiological role of oxidative stress, Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, apoptosis, TGF-β, and Sirt-1 in its action. Forty adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into four groups as follows: control, NC, ADR, and ADR + NC groups. At the end of the experiment, urine, blood samples, and kidney were taken for assessment of serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urinary protein. Also, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) levels, histopathological examinations, immunohistochemical examinations for caspase-3, TGF-β, Sirt-1, and real-time PCR for the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 antioxidant genes in kidney tissues were done. NC significantly improved the raised serum creatinine, BUN, and urinary proteins. Also, NC improved the expression of caspase-3 and markers of oxidative stress in kidney tissues, and it also reduced morphological renal damage. Moreover, NC caused a significant increase in the expression of SIRT1 and Nrf2/HO-1 in kidney tissues. Also, markedly decreased renal fibrosis. Nanocerium alleviates ADR nephropathy, which may be related to the antioxidant and anti-fibrotic action of NC. Also, upregulating and activating SIRT1, Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and reduction of apoptosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt

    Fathy H. Elsaid & Ali Ali Khalil

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt

    Elsayed A. Eid

  3. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Medhat Taha

  4. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Mohamed El-Nablaway

  5. Center of Excellence for Genome and Cancer Research, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Amira Awadalla

  6. Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt, PO: 35516

    Abdelaziz M. Hussein

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F.H.E, A. A.K., E.A.E., M.T., M. E., A. A., and A.M.H. wrote the main manuscript text, E.A.E. and M.T. did statistical analyses, and F.H.E., A.A., and A.M.H. prepared figures. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Abdelaziz M. Hussein.

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The experimental protocol of this experimental study was approved by Mansoura University-Animal Care and Use Committee with the code # MU-ACUC, MED.R.23.08.21). Informed consent is not applicable.

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Research Involving Humans and Animals Statement

This work was animal research not a human research that was approved by our university ethical comitte for animal care and use with code #MU-ACUC, MED.R.23.08.21.

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Elsaid, F.H., Khalil, A.A., Eid, E.A. et al. Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy: Possible Role for Nrf2/HO-1 and TGF-β/Sirt-1 Pathways. BioNanoSci. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-024-01448-3

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