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Exergetic analysis and economic analysis method of a solar cooling system for a residential building application

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Abstract

In the present study, which was conducted between 2017 and 2020 in Tehran, according to the annual measurement of temperature on hot days between these 3 years, at the conclusion of the warmest day was taken for this study and the use of collectors that can take up the highest sum of solar irradiation. This is very important because we desire to achieve the highest possible efficiency by using a geographical expanse and then that we can be a good alternative to fossil fuels, and likewise the economic efficiency of our employment of solar energy for the device is real important. Therefore, a water absorption cooler was calculated using the solar system on the warmest day of the 12 months, and the data were calculated from the previous EES software, before that and the building cooling load with the career software. Vacuum tube collectors are more likely to be used in this project because of their high efficiency and greater absorption of solar radiation with a hot water tank and an absorption refrigeration system in a five-story residential building in terrain capital of Iran, in the solar collector, 93.22% of the fuel exergy was destroyed, which reckoning for 92.8% of the total exergy destruction, or in other words, the highest amount, In other words, the maximum value, the main reason for which is the temperature difference in this position. According to the claims and the results of the observation in the economic analysis method of the solar cooling system in this study, the net present value is equal to 21,161 US dollars and its payback period is equal to 10 years. Also, the total energy efficiency of the solar cooling system, which has shown a significant increase in energy efficiency compared to a conventional refrigeration system.

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Notes

  1. Building cooling or heating load calculation software.

  2. Software of engineering equation solver.

Abbreviations

Yd :

Exergetic fuel depletion

Yl :

Exergetic loss depletion

IP:

Improvement potential (kW)

IR:

Irreversibility ratio

Exd :

Exergy destruction rate (kW)

\({\dot{\mathrm{E}}}_{\mathrm{xf}}\) :

Exergy fuel rate (kW)

\({\dot{\mathrm{E}}}_{\mathrm{xp}}\) :

Exergy product rate (kW)

\({\dot{\mathrm{E}}}_{\mathrm{xl}}\) :

Exergy loss rate (kW)

\(\dot{\mathrm{m}}\) :

Mass flow rate (kg/s)

\({\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{P}}\) :

Specific heat capacity of water

\(\mathrm{m}\) :

Mass (kg)

\(\mathrm{s}\) :

Specific entropy (kj/kg)

\(\mathrm{h}\) :

Specific enthalpy (kj/kg)

\({\mathrm{h}}_{0}\) :

Specific enthalpy in \({\mathrm{T}}_{0}\)

\({\mathrm{s}}_{0}\) :

Specific entropy in \({\mathrm{T}}_{0}\)

\(\dot{\mathrm{Q}}\) :

Rate of heat added to the components or rejected out of the components (kW)

\({\dot{\mathrm{Q}}}_{\mathrm{d}}\) :

Rate of heat supplied in desorber (kW)

\({\dot{\mathrm{Q}}}_{\mathrm{e}}\) :

Rate of heat added to the evaporator (kW)

\({\dot{\mathrm{Q}}}_{\mathrm{a}}\) :

Rate of heat removal from the absorber (kW)

\({\dot{\mathrm{Q}}}_{\mathrm{c}}\) :

Rate of heat rejection out of the condenser (kW)

\(\mathrm{COP}\) :

Coefficient of performance

n:

Number of days starting from January 1st

Tc,in :

Cold side inlet temperature (°C)

Tc , out :

Cold side outlet temperature (°C)

Tf,in :

Collector fluid inlet temperature (°C)

Th,in :

Hot side inlet temperature (°C)

Th, out :

Hot side outlet temperature (°C)

Ta :

Ambient temperature (°C)

T0 :

Fluid at ambient temperature (°C)

FR :

Collector heat removal factor

UL :

Collector overall heat loss coefficient (W/m2 °C)

X:

Concentration of Lithium Bromide in H2O-LiBr solution

Ac :

Collector area

T11 :

Desorber inlet temperature (°C)

(UA)s :

Loss coefficient area product in storage tank

\({\dot{\mathrm{m}}}_{1}\) :

Solution pump mass flow velocity (kg/s)

\({\dot{\mathrm{m}}}_{13}\) :

Cooling water mass flow velocity to the absorber (kg/s)

T13 :

Cooling water inlet temperature (°C)

\({\dot{\mathrm{m}}}_{15}\) :

Cooling water mass flow velocity to the condenser (kg/s)

\({\dot{\mathrm{m}}}_{17}\) :

Chilled water mass flow velocity (kg/s)

\({\dot{\mathrm{m}}}_{11}\) :

Desorber inlet mass flow velocity (kg/s)

IRR:

Internal rate of return

NPV:

Net present value

Bj:

Profit

Cj:

Expense during the project

\({\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{t}}\) :

Total solar radiation (W/m2)

\({\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{b}}\) :

Beam solar radiation (W/m2)

\({\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{d}}\) :

Diffuse solar radiation (W/m2)

\({\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{sc}}\) :

Solar constant (W/m2)

USD:

United States dollar

β:

Tilt angle of the solar collector (°)

ω:

Solar hour angle (°)

ηC :

Instantaneous collector efficiency

\({\mathrm{\Delta T}}_{\mathrm{lm},\mathrm{e}}\) :

Log mean temperature difference (°C)

Δt :

Time interval (h)

\({\upvarepsilon }_{\mathrm{total}}\) :

Exergetic efficiency of cooling

\({\upvarepsilon }_{\mathrm{hx}}\) :

Heat exchanger effectiveness

(τα):

Effective product transmittance absorptance

τ:

Transmittance

α:

Absorptance

\(\updelta\) :

Declination angle (°)

\({\varphi }\) :

Latitude angle (°)

\(\uptheta\) :

Solar incidence angle (°)

\({\uptheta }_{\mathrm{z}}\) :

Solar zenith angle (°)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, 53751-71379, Iran

    Mohammad Javad Asgari & Amin Alaminia

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  1. Mohammad Javad Asgari
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  2. Amin Alaminia
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Asgari, M.J., Alaminia, A. Exergetic analysis and economic analysis method of a solar cooling system for a residential building application. Energy Syst (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12667-023-00582-3

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