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Keyhole and Conduction Mode of Welding AISI 304HCu: A Comparison

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Abstract

The current work focuses on comparing the effect of tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) and plasma arc welding by keyhole mode (KPAW). Tubes of AISI 304HCu of 45 mm outer diameter and thickness of 9 mm were joined by KPAW autogenously; ER304HCu was used for multipass welding by TIG with V groove edge preparation. Mechanical tests like tensile, impact tests, and microhardness surveys on specimens were carried out and correlated with their metallurgical features. Solidification of microstructure was by ferrite austenite (FA) microstructure. The KPAW weldment had vermicular ferrite morphology, whereas the multipass joint had variations in morphologies. Welded joints exhibited strength close to the base material and failed near the interface between the base metal and the heat-affected zone (HAZ). The weld bead area of the KPAW joint was 40% more minimal than TIG welded joint.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST) for providing the Plasma Arc Welding (PAW) machine through the funded project (DST File No: EEQ/2017/000339)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, 608002, India

    P. G. Sam Infant Jones, S. Rajakumar & V. Balasubramanian

  2. Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608002, India

    S. Kavitha

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  1. P. G. Sam Infant Jones
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  2. S. Rajakumar
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Correspondence to S. Rajakumar.

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Jones, P.G.S.I., Rajakumar, S., Kavitha, S. et al. Keyhole and Conduction Mode of Welding AISI 304HCu: A Comparison. Trans Indian Inst Met 76, 1349–1358 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-022-02846-5

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