Abstract
In order to systematically study the effects of electrodeposition parameters on the surface morphology, microstructure, mechanical properties, and abrasion resistance of metal matrix nanocoatings, pulse electrodeposited Ni-TiN nanocoatings were prepared; tests including scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and friction wear testing machine were performed. The results indicate that the Ni-TiN nanocoatings produced at 4 A/dm2 showed excellent micro-hardness value as high as 984.6 HV and at a TiN content of 8.65 wt%. The Ni-TiN nanocoatings fabricated at different pulse frequencies showed a (fcc) structure in different orientations. The average size of the Ni and TiN particles contained in the Ni-TiN nanocoatings manufactured at a 200 Hz pulse frequency was 87.1 ± 0.2 nm and 34.4 ± 0.2 nm, respectively. The micro-hardness and average abrasion loss of Ni-TiN nanocoatings produced at a 20% pulse duty cycle were 984.1 HV and 8.78 mg/mm2, respectively. In addition, the Ni-TiN nanocoating deposited with G-1 parameters (current density of 4 A/dm2, pulse frequency of 800 Hz, and pulse duty cycle of 20%) showed an uniform, fine, and compact microstructure.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
F. Xia, Q. Li, C. Ma, X. Guo, Preparation and characterization of Ni-AlN nanocoatings deposited by magnetic field assisted electrodeposition technique, Ceramics International 46 (2) (2020) 2500-2509.
C. Ma, D. Zhao, W. Liu, F. Xia, P. Jin, C. Sun, Magnetic assisted pulse electrodeposition and characterization of Ni-TiC nanocomposites, Ceramic International 46(11) (2020) 17631-17639.
C. Ma, X. Guo, J Leang, F. Xia, Synthesis and characterization of Ni-P-TiN nanocomposites fabricated by magnetic electrodeposition technology, Ceramic International 42(8) (2016) 10428-10432.
F. Xia, Q. Li, C. Ma, W. Liu, Z. Ma, Preparation and wear properties of Ni/TiN-SiC nanocoatings obtained by pulse current electrodeposition, Ceramics International, 46(6) (2020) 7961-7969.
F. Xia, W. Jia, C. Ma, R. Yang, Y. Wang, M Potts, Synthesis and characterization of Ni–doped TiN thin films deposited by jet electrodeposition, Applied Surface Science 434 (2018) 228-233.
C. Ma, W. Yu, M. Jiang, F. Xia, Jet pulse electrodeposition and characterization of Ni-AlN nanocoatings in presence of ultrasound, Ceramics International 44(5) (2018) 5163-5170.
Z. Tian, D. Wang, G. Wang, L. Shen, Z. Liu, Y. Huang, Microstructure and properties of nanocrystalline nickel coatings prepared by pulse jet electrodeposition, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 20(6) (2010) 1037-1042.
F. Xia, J. Tian, C. Ma, X. Xu, M. Huang, Microstructural, nanomechanical and wear properties of magnetic pulse electrodeposited Ni-TiN composite coatings, Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 23(5) (2016) 535-541.
M. Kumar, R. Mitra, Effect of substrate bias on microstructure and properties of Ni-TiN nanocomposite thin films deposited by reactive magnetron co-sputtering, Surface & Coatings Technology 251 (2014) 239-246.
F. Xia, C. Li, C. Ma, Q. Li, H. Xing, Effect of pulse current density on microstructure and wear property of Ni-TiN nanocoatings deposited via pulse electrodeposition, Applied Surface Science 538 (2021) 148139.
H. Zhang, F. Xia, J. Wang, F. Xu, Influence of duty cycle and pulse frequency on structures and performances of electrodeposited Ni-W/TiN nanocomposites on oil-Gas X52 steels, Coatings 11 (2021) 1182.
M. Wu, J. Wei, P. Lv, Electrodepositing Ni-TiN nanocomposite layers with applying action of ultrasonic waves, Procedia Engineering 174 (2017) 717-723.
C. Ma, M. Jiang, F. Xia, Preparation and characterization of Ni–TiN thin films electrodeposited with nickel baths of different TiN nanoparticle concentration, Surface Review & Letters 24(3) (2016) 1-7.
C. Ma, D. Zhao, Z. Ma, Effects of duty cycle and pulse frequency on microstructures and properties of electrodeposited Ni-Co-SiC nanocoatings, Ceramics International 44(5) (2018) 5163-5170.
R. Sen, S. Das, K. Das, Effect of current density on the microstructure and hardness of Ni-CeO2 nanocomposite coating synthesized by pulse electrodeposition technique, Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 10(12) (2010) 8217-8226.
M. Alizadeh and A. Cheshmpish, Electrodeposition of Ni-Mo/Al2O3 nano-composite coatings at various deposition current densities, Applied Surface Science 466 (2019) 433-440.
C. Ma, D. Zhao, H. Xia, F. Xia, Z. Ma, T. Williams, Microstructure and properties of Ni-SiC nanocomposites fabricated by ultrasonic-assisted electrodeposition, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 15 (2020) 4015-4031.
M. Jiang, C. Ma, F. Xia, Y. Zhang, Application of artificial neural networks to predict the hardness of Ni-TiN nanocoatings fabricated by pulse electrodeposition, Surface & Coatings Technology 286 (2016) 191-196.
C. Ma, D. Zhao, Z. Ma, Effects of duty cycle and pulse frequency on microstructures and properties of electrodeposited Ni-Co-SiC nanocoatings, Ceramics International, 46(8) (2020) 12128-12137.
W. Jiang, L. Shen, M. Qiu, X. Wang, M. Fan, Z. Tian, Preparation of Ni-SiC composite coatings by magnetic field-enhanced jet electrodeposition, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 762 (2018) 115-124.
F. Xia, J. Tian, C. Ma, M. Potts, X. Guo, Effect of pulse frequency on microstructural, nanomechanical, and wear properties of electrodeposited Ni-TiN composite coatings, J. Appl. Phys. 116 (2014) 234301-234307.
N.P. Wasekar, S.M. Latha, M. Ramakrishna, D.S. Rao, G. Sundararajan, Pulsed electrodeposition and mechanical properties of Ni-W/SiC nano-composite coatings, Mater. Des. 112 (2016) 140-150.
C. Sun, X. Liu, C. Zhou, C. Wang, H. Cao, Preparation and wear properties of magnetic assisted pulse electrodeposited Ni-SiC nanocoatings, Ceramics International 45(1) (2019) 1348-1355.
Acknowledgements
This work has been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Granted No. 51974089), and the Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Support Program for San Heng San Zong (Granted No. TDJH202005).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Guo, S., Yang, Z., Deng, S. et al. Effect of Pulse Electrical Parameters on the Microstructure and Performance of Ni-TiN Nanocoatings Prepared by Pulse Electrodeposition Technique. Trans Indian Inst Met 75, 691–698 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-021-02461-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-021-02461-w