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Evolution of Thermoelectric β-FeSi2 Phase by Cryo Milling and Sintering

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Abstract

Development of high temperature thermoelectric materials, like β-FeSi2, is the need of twenty-first century to convert waste heat energy to electrical energy. The increasing interest in bulk semiconducting iron disilicide, β-FeSi2, is due to the advantages of its high thermoelectric power, high absorption coefficient (higher than 105 cm−1 above 1.0 eV) and direct band gap of 0.85 eV. The thermoelectric material is suitable for active component applications such as in light detectors, near-infrared sources, photovoltaic application and optical fiber communication. Powders of pure electrolytic iron and silicon were mechanically alloyed in a Cryo mill for various periods viz. 4, 6 and 8 h. As-milled powders were compacted at 700 MPa and the compacts were then subjected to different heat treatment cycles under vacuum (10−5 bar). The influence of variation in process parameters like milling period and sintering conditions on phase formation was studied. Traces of β-FeSi2 phase appeared after Cryo milling for 6 h. The optimized condition to have nearly complete formation of the β-FeSi2 phase, was found to be the one in which the material was Cryo milled for 6 h which was followed by sintering of compacts at 800 °C for 6 h under vacuum.

Graphical Abstract

XRD analysis of sintered compacts

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, College of Engineering, Pune, 5, India

    V. S. Poddar, N. B. Dhokey, S. P. Butee, N. B. Revade & M. M. Thombre

  2. Powder Metallurgy Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Navi Mumbai, 400 705, India

    R. D. Purohit & Deep Prakash

Authors
  1. V. S. Poddar
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  2. N. B. Dhokey
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  3. S. P. Butee
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  4. N. B. Revade
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  5. M. M. Thombre
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  6. R. D. Purohit
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  7. Deep Prakash
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to N. B. Dhokey.

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Novelty

In proposed research work, mechanical alloying of Fe (99.9 % purity, 400 mesh) and Si (98.5 % purity, 200 mesh) is done at cryogenic temperature (−196 °C) using Cryo milling (250 rpm, Milling Media: SS304 balls-6 mm diameter, BPR = 10:1) for nearly 6 h. Cryo milled powder was compacted (Pressure ~700 MPa) and sintered at around 800 °C for 6 h. β-FeSi2 formation got initialized during milling stage and then after sintering nearly complete β-FeSi2 phase was obtained. The overall processing period was about 14 h which was less compared to other processes.

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Poddar, V.S., Dhokey, N.B., Butee, S.P. et al. Evolution of Thermoelectric β-FeSi2 Phase by Cryo Milling and Sintering. Trans Indian Inst Met 70, 167–174 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-016-0873-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-016-0873-0

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