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The deformation, cracking and failure behavior of lithological layered coal disk in Brazilian experiment

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Abstract

The cracking characterization of lithological layered coal disk under tensile stress is important for hydraulic fracturing in coal seam gas recovery. With digital image correlation and acoustic emission techniques, the cracking and fracture pattern of layered coal disk in Brazilian test were investigated considering different anisotropy angle between axial load and stratification plane and loading rate. The results show that both tensile and shear cracks developed in coal disk, and the crack initiation deviated from the center for most coal samples, closely related to stratification orientation, but irrespective of loading rate. The anisotropy angle in a range of 0°–45° favors the shear slip along stratification, leading to shear stick slip in both pre- and post-peak stages. However, the tensile cracks dominate in the early loading stage and then shear cracks start to be significant after the tensile cracks intersect with stratification plane. The stress state changed when the tensile cracks intersect with stratification plane, making crack deviate from the original propagation path. In addition, the tensile strength is related to the anisotropy angle. The maximum tensile strength occurs when the anisotropy angle α = 0° and the minimum tensile strength appears when the anisotropy angle α = 30°.

Highlights

  • The anisotropy angle affects the tensile strength and failure patterns.

  • Layer plane redirects the crack, altering pure tensile failure in Brazilian disk.

  • Tensile cracks dominate in the early loading stage.

  • Shear cracks appeared after the tensile cracks coalesce with weak plane.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 51674047 and 51911530152) for providing financial support for the study. They would also like to extend their warmest thanks to the reviewers who helped to significantly improve the article.

Funding

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 51674047 and 51911530152).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China

    Chunlin Zhong, Zhenyu Zhang & Shengpeng Hao

  2. Geofluids, Geomechanics and Geoenergy (3G) Research Group, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China

    Chunlin Zhong, Zhenyu Zhang & Shengpeng Hao

  3. School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK

    Xueyu Geng

Authors
  1. Chunlin Zhong
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  2. Zhenyu Zhang
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Contributions

CZ: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, writing—original draft; ZZ: conceptualization, methodology, writing—review and editing; XG: writing—review and editing; SH: writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Zhenyu Zhang.

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Zhong, C., Zhang, Z., Geng, X. et al. The deformation, cracking and failure behavior of lithological layered coal disk in Brazilian experiment. Environ Earth Sci 82, 477 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-023-11164-y

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