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Detection of trend changes in surface energy budget caused by urbanization and land cover/use changes in Dezful plain, Iran

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Abstract

Land use and land cover (LULC) change, especially the increase in artificial surfaces, leads to the change in heat balance components, such as an increase in sensible heat (H) flux versus a decrease in latent heat (λE) flux. Hence, detecting heat flux changes can reveal the effects of LULC changes. We measured Landscape Surface Functional parameters (LSF) and Surface Heat Balance parameters (SHB) on Dezful plain using Landsat images and Surface Energy Balance Index (SEBI) algorithm at three-time points over 32 years (1987, 2000, and 2019). Spatio-temporal trends of LSF and SHB parameters were analyzed using standard statistics and examined in three vegetation cover classes. The results illustrate a significant difference in the increased rate of sensible heat and latent heat fluxes, which can authenticate land use changes. Negative sensible heat flux areas were reduced by 99% in 2019 and confined to the riverbank. In other words, the places with thermal comfort have dramatically decreased. In 2019, the normalized LSF and SHB parameters gradients were fixed at a shorter distance from the urban area in 1987. As a result, the expansion of built-up areas has led to a spatial similarity in surface heat flux which is a potential threat to our environment.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dezful department of natural resources, Iran for providing the observed data used in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran

    Aziz Parbaleh & Hesam Seyed Kaboli

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  1. Aziz Parbaleh
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Contributions

•Land surface energy balance was calculated to analyze the effects of land cover change. •Expansion of artificial surfaces has led to a spatial similarity in surface heat flux. •A significant difference in the increased rate of H and λE fluxes demonstrates the overwhelming impacts of LULC changes. •Increase/Decrease in vegetation cover has a significant correlation with heat fluxes. •Areas with a negative H flux were reduced by %99 in 2019 and confined to the river.

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Correspondence to Hesam Seyed Kaboli.

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Parbaleh, A., Kaboli, H.S. Detection of trend changes in surface energy budget caused by urbanization and land cover/use changes in Dezful plain, Iran. Environ Earth Sci 82, 283 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-023-10990-4

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