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Effects of mining and reclamation on the spatial variability of soil particle size distribution in an underground coalmine area: a combination method using multi-fractal and joint multi-fractal theories

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Abstract

Underground coal mining leads to serious surface deformation, which negatively affects the physical properties of soils. Soil particle size distribution (PSD) is one of the most basic soil physical characteristic that influences other important properties, such as soil hydraulics and thermodynamics. Understanding the spatial variability of the soil PSD in subsided land can provide targeted guidance for land reclamation. In this study, we conducted a quantitative study on the spatial variability of the soil PSD in the Pingshuo mining area on the Loess plateau, Shanxi Province in China, and explored the effects of subsidence and reclamation on the soil PSD. A plot experiment, including one unmined plot, one subsided plot, and one reclaimed plot, was performed in Anjialing No.3 underground coal mine in the, Pingshuo mining area. Four multi-fractal parameters of the soil PSD—D(0), D(1), Δα(q), and Δf(α)—were analyzed at the three sample sites. The joint multi-fractal method was carried out to analyze the spatial correlation of the soil PSD to further reveal the impacts of coal mining subsidence and land reclamation on the soil PSD. The multi-fractal method can reflect the local non-uniformity and heterogeneity of the soil PSD, while the joint multi-fractal approach can illustrate the correlation of the soil PSD between different soil depths. The range and spatial variability of the soil PSD increased due to coal mining subsidence and the impact of subsidence on the spatial disturbance of the surface soil PSD was greater than that of the deeper layers. The spatial correlation of clay in subsided land (21.00–34.34%) was larger than those of unmined land (12.36–16.37%) and reclaimed land (15.08–19.50%), and the degree of correlation was lower in 0–20 cm (21.68%) and 20–40 cm than in 40–60 and 60–80 cm soil layers (34.34%). Whereas, for silt and sand, the correlation was smaller. Land reclamation decreased the spatial variability of the soil PSD, which was near that of the unmined land after reclamation.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFF0206802) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41877532).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China

    Sijia Li, Jinman Wang, Jiarui Zhang & Min Zhang

  2. Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, 100035, People’s Republic of China

    Jinman Wang

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  1. Sijia Li
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  4. Min Zhang
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Correspondence to Jinman Wang.

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Li, S., Wang, J., Zhang, J. et al. Effects of mining and reclamation on the spatial variability of soil particle size distribution in an underground coalmine area: a combination method using multi-fractal and joint multi-fractal theories. Environ Earth Sci 81, 117 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-022-10257-4

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