Abstract
This study focused on the erosion development and dynamics of gravelly debris flow at the Houyenshan watershed through geomorphology interpretation, field investigation, and discrete-element method. The study constructed a discrete-element method to simulate the process of gravelly debris flow and determine the scope of influence with regard to deposition. Then, the study integration of the interpretation, field investigation, and simulation results to evaluate erosion and landslide hazard in study area. The results of the integrated study show that of the five major pits, pit No. 3 has the most active erosion development, and a large number of debris flow alluvial fans are accumulated downstream, causing the main road to be interrupted and the main river to change the flow direction. At present, there are still have many tension cracks and local seepage can be seen on the slope surface, causing the gravel slope in the source area to appear unstable. Finally, the results can serve as a reference for disaster prevention, mapping and zoning of the areas susceptible to geological hazards, and associated mitigation project planning.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bozzano F, Carabella C, Pari P, Discenza ME, Fantucci R, Mazzanti P, Miccadei E, Rocca A, Romano S, Sciarra N (2020) Geological and geomorphological analysis of a complex landslides system: the case of San Martino sulla Marruccina (Abruzzo, Central Italy). J Maps 16(2):126–136
Cardinali M, Reichenbach P, Guzzetti F, Ardizzone F, Antonini G, Galli M, Cacciano M, Castellani M, Salvati P (2002) A geomorphological approach to the estimation of landslide hazards and risks in Umbria, Central Italy. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 2:57–72
Chang K-T, Chen Y-H, Cheng M-C (2014) Study on the mechanical behavior of gravel formations using. J Chin Soil Water Conserv 45(2):95–102 (in Chinese)
Chou H-T, Lee C-F, Huang C-H, Chang Y-L (2013) The monitoring and flow dynamics of gravelly debris. J Chin Soil Water Conserv 44(2):144–157 (in Chinese)
Chou H-T, Yang H-L, Lee C-F, Huang C-H (2015) The flow patterns and geophone characteristics of debris flows at Houyenshan, Miaoli, Taiwan. J Chin Soil Water Conserv 46(2):71–78 (in Chinese)
Clayton A, Stead D, Kinakin D, Wolter A (2017) Engineering geomorphological interpretation of the Mitchell Creek Landslide, British Columbia, Canada. Landslides 14:1655–1675
Crozer MJ (1984) Field assessment of slope instability. In: Brunsen D, Prior DB (eds) Slope instability. Wiley, New York, pp 103–142
Fell R, Corominas J, Bonnard C, Cascini L, Leroi E, Savage WZ (2008) Guidelines for landslide susceptibility, hazard and risk zoning for land-use planning. Eng Geol 102:99–111
Lateltin O, Haemmig C, Raetzo H, Bonnard C (2005) Landslide risk management in Switzerland. Landslides 2:313–320
Lin C-H, Lin M-L (2015) Evolution of the large landslide induced by Typhoon Morakot: a case study in the Butangbunasi River, southern Taiwan using the discrete element method. Eng Geol 197:172–187
Lin J-C, Cheng Y-C, Jen C-H (2007) Characteristics of the erosion in Hoyenshan Area, Miaoli. J Chin Soil Water Conserv 38(3):275–285 (in Chinese)
Lin J-C, Chen Y-C, Lin J-W, Jen C-H, Schulte A, Böse M (2008) Experiment on fluvial processes of conglomerate channel-an example of Hoyenshan conglomerate sediments. Environ Worlds 17:21–36 (in Chinese)
Lin J-C (2009) Changes erosion and accumulation characteristics of alluvial fans in Hoyenshan Area. Taiwan For J 35(2):11–18 (in Chinese)
Liu C-C (2006) Processing of FORMOSAT-2 daily revisit imagery for site surveillance. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 44(11):3206–3214
Liu C-C, Kamei A, Hsu K-H, Tsuchida S, Huang H-M, Kato S, Nakamura R, Wu A-M (2010) Vicarious calibration of the Formosat-2 remote sensing instrument. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 48(4, 2):2162–2169
Lo C-M, Feng Z-Y, Zhong Y-X, Dong Y-T (2016) Potential landslide hazard zoning based on numerical simulation and hazard assessment. J Chin Soil Water Conserv 47(1):1–1 (in Chinese)
Lo C-M, Feng Z-Y, Chang K-T (2018) Landslide hazard zoning based on numerical simulation and hazard assessment. Geomat Nat Hazards Risk 9(1):368–388
Lu C-Y, Tang C-L, Chan Y-C, Chan Y-C, Chan Y-C (2014) Forecasting landslide hazard by the 3D discrete element method: a case study of the unstable slope in the Lushan hot spring district, Central Taiwan. Eng Geol 183:14–30
Psomiadis E, Papazachariou A, Soulis KX, Alexiou D-S, Charalampopoulos I (2020) Landslide mapping and susceptibility assessment using geospatial analysis and earth observation data. Land 9:133
Yu F-C, Wu J-M, Wong W-M (2005) Study on micro-geomorphological features of debris flow on Hillslope of Conglomerate Formation (2005) (in Chinese)
Zhao LH, Liu XN, Mao J, Shao LY, Li TC (2020) Three-dimensional distance potential discrete element method for the numerical simulation of landslides. Landslides 17:361–377
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lai, YS., Lo, CM., Weng, MC. et al. Characteristics of erosion development and gravelly debris flow hazard zoning in the Houyenshan of Taiwan. Environ Earth Sci 81, 76 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-022-10211-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-022-10211-4