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Experimental preliminary analysis of the fluid drag effect in rapid and long-runout flow-like landslides

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Abstract

During a landslide, the multi-phase nature of landslide debris defines its mobility. Eventually, frictional forces cause the slide energy to dissipate, and contact forces transmit the energy into nearby material. Using comparative analysis which analyzes the mobility characteristics of flow-like landslides with various slide materials, we conducted flume model experiment. Our conclusions are as follows: (1) liquid-phase flow-like landslides are highly mobile and have long runout; solid-phase flow-like landslides are highly destructive because of their higher kinetic energy; and two-phase flow-like landslides are both highly mobile. (2) During a two-phase flow-like landslide, the mobility ability of the liquid-phase material is stronger than that of the solid-phase material; when the liquid slide volume fraction is sufficiently large, the liquid phase exerts a drag force on the solid phase. (3) Various liquids exert different drag effects on the solid; the solid–liquid velocity difference and the liquid viscosity determine the drag intensity and the mobility and depositional characteristics of the landslides. The results provide experimental support for the further study of the influence of multi-phase properties of flow-like landslides on the mobility characteristics of landslides.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge support from National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41907257), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC1504806), Institute of Geo-Mechanics (DZLXJK201901). The authors also thank Letpub Services for English language editing and review services.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Geo-Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Geo-Sciences, CGS, Beijing, China

    Yang Gao, Haoyuan Gao & Bin Li

  2. Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Crustal Stability Assessment, Beijing, China

    Yang Gao, Haoyuan Gao & Bin Li

  3. Chang’an University, Xian, China

    Bin Li, Tongyao Wei & Zhuang Li

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  1. Yang Gao
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  2. Haoyuan Gao
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  3. Bin Li
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Correspondence to Yang Gao or Bin Li.

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Gao, Y., Gao, H., Li, B. et al. Experimental preliminary analysis of the fluid drag effect in rapid and long-runout flow-like landslides. Environ Earth Sci 81, 93 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-022-10207-0

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