Abstract
With the development of human society, mega engineering projects of removing the tops of hills to infill valleys began to appear in the loess region. The thickness of the manual filling compacted loess can reach tens of meters. For such large-scale construction projects, studying the properties of compacted loess is essential to ensure the safety and reliability of land creation and artificial infrastructure. In this paper, the specimens from two exploration well profiles were carried out to study the physical properties of natural loess and compacted loess from the Loess Plateau. Here the natural loess selected was deposited in old ages (Q2 and Q1) and had strong stability. The natural water content, dry density, specific gravity, liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, clay fraction, silt fraction, sand fraction, compression modulus, and permeability coefficient have been determined. Statistical theories such as t test and correlation coefficient checks were used to describe the difference between the two kinds of loess, and the degree of correlation among various indicators. Besides, 14 groups of exploration well data in 8 studies were collected. The variation of natural water content and dry density with well depth was analyzed to supplement the existing data. Results have shown that the manual filling compacted loess is significantly different from the natural loess. On the whole, the liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, clay fraction, silt fraction, sand fraction and compression modulus of the compacted loess are smaller. In addition, compared with the natural sedimentary loess with strong stability, it deforms more easily. The difference of compression modulus between the compacted loess and natural loess is mainly controlled by the dry density and the particle composition. Moreover, the heterogeneous level of the manual filling compacted loess is greater than that of the natural loess in the horizontal direction and smaller than that of the natural loess in the vertical direction. Under a combination of external hydrologic conditions and dead weight, the compacted loess will become more stable.
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Acknowledgements
The research is sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41790442 and 41825018) and the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP) under grant of No. 2019QZKK0904. A special acknowledgement should be expressed to China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences that supported the implementation of this study. In addition, the authors wish to offer their gratitude and regards to the reviewers and the editors for their valuable comments.
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SQ, SG, YZ conceived and designed the test. LZ, SQ, YZ, ZL and YY participated in the sampling process. LZ, LM and XH contributed laboratory experimental steps. LZ, SQ, LM, XH and YZ contributed analytical steps. SQ and JP obtained financial support for the project. LZ drafted the manuscript, and SQ revised the manuscript. All authors discussed the article and gave their comments.
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Zhang, L., Qi, S., Yu, Y. et al. A comparative study on the physical properties of natural sedimentary loess and manual filling compacted loess. Environ Earth Sci 80, 721 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-021-10047-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-021-10047-4