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Study on the electromagnetic spectrum characteristics of underground coal fire hazardous and the detection criteria of high temperature anomaly area

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Abstract

Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) is an optimal non-contact and directional geophysical detection method, which has been applied in geotechnical engineering, monitoring and giving early warning about the coal and rock dynamic disaster. In this paper, the different frequencies EMR signals generated in the process of coal heating and spontaneous combustion are tested and analyzed, and the detection criterion of locating anomalous heating areas by EMR is illustrated. During the spontaneously-heating process of coal, the EMR signals are detected by antennas with frequencies of 30 kHz, 100 kHz, 300 kHz and 1 MHz, covering both low and high frequencies. In the process of coal spontaneous combustion, the spectrum of EMR signal changes with the increase of coal temperature. The amplitude of EMR also fluctuates, showing the characteristics of high frequency and high amplitude, and the corresponding thermal damage of coal occurs in different degrees (intensities). Further, in order to use EMR as an effective detection method of coal fire, the relationship between the intensity of EMR and coal size, test distance and temperature is discussed. With the dominant spectrum of EMR determined by field tests, researchers can employ different EMR frequency to detect the fire risk based on the concrete conditions of coal field. This study provides a meaningful method for improving the level of safety and environmental protection during mining process.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by joint funding by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2019QEE041), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51904172), the State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and safe Mining, CUMT(SKLCRSM18KF013), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M682209), and the Qingchuang Science and Technology Program of Shandong Province University (2019KJG008). The authors would like to thank the reviewers and editors who presented critical and constructive comments for the improvement of this paper. We also wish to thank K Anand Kumar and SISTRANS Editorial Services for improving the language of this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China

    Biao Kong & Qingguo Yao

  2. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China

    Biao Kong

  3. College of Civil and Structural Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China

    Biao Kong

  4. College of Economics and Management, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China

    Zhen Liu & Qingguo Yao

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  1. Biao Kong
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  2. Zhen Liu
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  3. Qingguo Yao
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Correspondence to Biao Kong.

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Kong, B., Liu, Z. & Yao, Q. Study on the electromagnetic spectrum characteristics of underground coal fire hazardous and the detection criteria of high temperature anomaly area. Environ Earth Sci 80, 89 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-021-09380-5

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