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Using regression model to identify and evaluate heavy metal pollution sources in an open pit coal mine area, Eastern Junggar, China

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Abstract

This study aims at identifying multi-source heavy metal pollution from natural and anthropogenic sources using a regression model, principal component analysis, and five different indices (geo-accumulation index (I geo), the modified degree of contamination, pollution load index (PLI), enrichment factor, and ecological risk factor. Results revealed that: (1) although the average concentrations of soil heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Pb, Hg, As, Zn) were generally low, Hg, As, and Cr concentrations exceeded national standard values by approximately 0.91, 1.84, and 0.91 times with maximum concentrations up to 0.41, 78.6, and 175.2 μg/g, respectively; (2) PLI results showed that the industrial park and Wucaiwan open coal mining area were the most polluted (PLI of 1.98, 1.71). The potential ecological hazards index indicated that the E ri of three heavy metals (Cu, Hg, As) in the soil were relatively high, presenting potential ecological risk factors of 74.89, 16.71, 4.15%, respectively; (3) stepwise regression model and principal component analysis suggest that Cu and Zn were primarily effected by the natural geological condition and atmospheric dust fall. Cr, Hg, Pb are mainly derived from anthropogenic sources, particularly coal mining activities and industrial sources. Results of this research have some significant implications for heavy metal pollution prevention and the sustainable development of the economy and ecology of arid regions in China.

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Acknowledgements

The study was jointly supported by two projects, which are the project of national science and technology supporting foundations of China (No. 2014BAC15B01) and National Natural Science Foundations of China (No. 41671348; No. 41561089). I am grateful to Dr. Nijat, Dr. Abdugheni for helping in field and lab experimentation. The authors would like to thank the Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology under Ministry of Education for their support in providing data and discussion during the research. We are extremely thankful to an anonymous reviewer and editor for the critical and valuable comments that have greatly improved the article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resources & Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China

    Rukeya Sawut, Tashpolat Tiyip, Abdugheni Abliz, Nijat Kasim, Ilyas Nurmemet, Memet Sawut, Nigara Tashpolat & Arzune Ablimit

  2. Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China

    Rukeya Sawut, Tashpolat Tiyip, Abdugheni Abliz, Nijat Kasim, Ilyas Nurmemet, Memet Sawut, Nigara Tashpolat & Arzune Ablimit

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  1. Rukeya Sawut
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  2. Tashpolat Tiyip
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  3. Abdugheni Abliz
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Correspondence to Tashpolat Tiyip.

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Sawut, R., Tiyip, T., Abliz, A. et al. Using regression model to identify and evaluate heavy metal pollution sources in an open pit coal mine area, Eastern Junggar, China. Environ Earth Sci 76, 822 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-017-7035-5

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