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Heavy metal distribution and accumulation in the Spartina alterniflora from the Andong tidal flat, Hangzhou Bay, China

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Abstract

In order to study the heavy metal accumulation and distribution in the roots, stems, and leaves of Spartina alterniflora, we collected S. alterniflora samples and the associated sediments along three transects at the Andong tidal flat, Hangzhou Bay. Co, Ni, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn were mainly accumulated in the aerial parts (stems and leaves) of the plants, and their distributions depended on their mobility and their roles during the metabolism processes of S. alterniflora. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, and Pb were significantly enhanced with the increasing of heavy metal concentrations in the sediments, while those of Co and Ni remained relatively constant. Bioaccumulation factors results showed that the serious heavy metal contamination in the sediments from the transect A may overwhelm the accumulation capability of the plants. In addition, the physicochemical properties of the sediments and the pore water therein also play a role in the heavy metal concentrations and accumulations in the plants, because they can influence the behaviors and bioavailabilities of heavy metals during nutrition and bioaccumulation processes of the plants. The sediments with vegetation did not show significantly decreased heavy metal concentration with respect to the unvegetated sediments, although the plants did absorb heavy metals from the sediments. Principal component analysis and correlation analyses indicated that Co–Ni, Cu–Cd–Hg behaved coherently during accumulation, which may be ascribed to their similar accumulation mechanisms. This work provided essential information on the heavy metal accumulation by plants in a tidal flat, which will be useful for the environmental control through phytoremediation at estuaries.

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Acknowledgements

This work is financially supported by the “Research of heavy metal geochemical characteristics in the sediments of Hangzhou Bay,” Self-Program of Zhejiang University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, People’s Republic of China

    Hong-Jiao Pang, Xue-Gang Chen, Ai-Min Jin, Pei-Sun Loh, Yan Jiang, Xian-Hui Yang, Kang-Kang Yan & Zhang-Hua Lou

  2. Zhejiang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Hangzhou, 310007, People’s Republic of China

    Shuang-Shuang Lyu

  3. China Harbour Engineering Company Ltd, Beijing, 100027, People’s Republic of China

    Fei Li

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  1. Hong-Jiao Pang
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Z-HL, X-GC, and A-MJ conceived the ideas; X-GC, H-JP, K-KY, X-HY contributed to the sampling work; H-JP, S-SL, YJ, and FL analyzed the samples and investigated the data; H-JP, X-GC, and Z-HL wrote the manuscript, FL helped to revise the language of the manuscript, X-HY helped to draw the maps and diagrams; Z-HL is responsible for the whole article.

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Correspondence to Zhang-Hua Lou.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

This article is part of a Topical Collection in Environmental Earth Sciences on “Environment and Health in China II”, guest edited by Tian-Xiang Yue, Cui Chen, Bing Xu and Olaf Kolditz.

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Pang, HJ., Lyu, SS., Chen, XG. et al. Heavy metal distribution and accumulation in the Spartina alterniflora from the Andong tidal flat, Hangzhou Bay, China. Environ Earth Sci 76, 627 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-017-6948-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-017-6948-3

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