Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Relationship between sub-cloud secondary evaporation and stable isotope in precipitation in different regions of China

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Environmental Earth Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Falling to the ground from the bottom of clouds, rain experiences evaporation process, which has a very important role for accurate analysis of isotope water cycle information and the improvement of isotope hydrology system. As an integral part of the water cycle research, this evaporation process gradually arise people’s attention. Based on the precipitation isotope data obtained from GNIP site or some observation and literature, the existence and influence factors of secondary evaporation effects are studied in different regions of China. The study areas are divided into four regions (northwest arid region, southeast monsoon region, southwest monsoon region, and the Tibetan Plateau region), and the results show that the four regions exist the secondary evaporation effect. The seasonal change is obvious in the northwest arid areas and the north of the southeast monsoon region, and it is strong in summer and weak in winter. In the northwest arid areas and the monsoon region in dry season, it has a strong secondary evaporation effect when rainfall is less, and there is no significant correlation between monsoon rainfall and the secondary evaporation effect during the rainy season. The relationship between temperature and secondary evaporation is not obvious in the north of the southeast monsoon region during rainy season, while the sub-cloud secondary evaporation is more intense in high temperatures in other areas. In addition to the northwest arid region and north of the southeast monsoon region in the dry season, the relationship between the secondary evaporation effect and the relative humidity is significant. In high relative humidity, the secondary evaporation effect gradually weakens with the increase in the relative humidity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles and news from researchers in related subjects, suggested using machine learning.

References

  • Araguás L, Froehlich K, Rozanski K. 1998. Stable isotope composition of precipitation over Southeast Asia[J]. J Geophys Res 103(28):721–728 (742)

  • Araguás L, Froehlich K, Rozanski K (2000) Deuterium and oxygen-18 isotope composition of precipitation and atmospheric moisture[J]. Hydrol Proc 14:1341–1355

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen GJ, Wilkinson B (2002) Spatial distribution of δ18O in meteoric precipitation[J]. Geology 30:315–318

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen FL, Zhang MJ, Wang SJ et al (2015) Relationship between sub-cloud secondary evaporation and stable isotopes in precipitation of Lanzhou and surrounding area[J]. Quatern Int 380–381(2015):68–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Craig H (1961) Isotopic variations in meteoric waters[J]. Science 133:1702–1703

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dansgaard W (1953) The abundance of δ18O in atmospheric water and water vapour[J]. Tellus 5(4):461–469

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dansgaard W (1964) Stable isotopes in precipitation[J]. Tellus 16(4):436–468

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman I, Redfield AC, Schoen B et al (1964) The variation of the deuterium content of natural waters in the hydrologic cycle[J]. Rev Geophys 2:1–124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Froehlich K, Kralik M, Papesch W et al (2008) Deuterium excess in precipitation of Alpine regions-Moisture recycling [J]. Isot Environ Health Stud 44(1):61–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gat JR (2000) Atmospheric water balance—the isotopic perspective[J]. Hydrol. Proc. 14:1357–1369

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gat JR, Matsui E (1991) Atmospheric water balance in the Amazon basin: an isotopic evapotranspiration model[J]. J Geophys Res 96:13179–13188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gat JR, Bowser CJ, Kendall C (1994) The contribution of evaporation from the Great Lakes to the continental atmosphere: estimate based on stable isotope data[J]. Geophys Res Lett 21:557–560

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gourcy L, Groening M, Aggarwal PK (2005) Stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in precipitation. In: Aggarwal PK, Gat JR, Froehlich KFO (eds) Isotopes in the Water Cycle. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 39–51

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman G, Jouzel J, Masson V (2000) Stable water isotopes in atmospheric general circulation models[J]. Hydrol Proc 14:1385–1406

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jouzel J, Merlivat L (1984) Deuterium and oxygen-18in precipitation: Modeling of the isotopic effect during snow formation[J]. J Geophys Res 89(D7):11749–11757

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kendall C, Coplen TB (2001) Distribution of oxygen-18 and deuterium in river waters across the United States[J]. Hydrol. Proc. 15:1363–1393

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kong YL, Pang ZH, Froehlich K (2013) Quantifying recycled moisture fraction in precipitation of an arid region using deuterium excess. Tellus B 65:19251. doi:10.3402/tellusb.v65i0.19251

  • Kress A, Saurer M, Siegwolf RTW, Frank DC, et al. 2010. A 350 years drought reconstruction from Alpine tree ring stable isotopes. Global Biogeochem Cycles 24:GB2011. doi:10.1029/2009GB003613

  • Kreutz KJ, Wake CP, Aizen VB et al (2003) Seasonal deuterium excess in a Tien Shan ice core:influence of moisture transport and recycling in Central Asia. Geophys Res Lett 30(18):1922. doi:10.1029/2003GL017896

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li G, Zhang XP, Zhang XZ et al (2013) Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes characteristics of atmospheric precipitation from Tengchong, YunNan[J]. Resour Environ Yangtze Basin 22(11):1458–1465

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu ZF, Tian LD, Yao TD et al (2008a) Seasonal deuterium excess in Nagqu precipitation: influence of moisture transport and recycling in the middle of Tibetan Plateau [J]. Environ Geol 55:1501–1506

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Z, Tian L, Chai X et al (2008b) A model-based determination of spatial variation of precipitation δ18O over China[J]. Chem Geol 249(1–2):203–212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma Q, Zhang MJ, Wang SJ et al (2012) Contributions of local moisture to precipitations in Western China[J]. Progress Geograph 31(11):1452–1459

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma Q, Zhang MJ, Wang SJ et al (2013) Contributions of moisture from local evaporation to precipitations in Southeast China based on hydrogen and oxygen isotopes[J]. Progress Geograph 32(11):1712–1720

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma Q, Zhang MJ, Wang SJ et al (2014) An investigation of moisture sources and secondary evaporation in Lanzhou, Northwest China. Environ Earth Sci 71(8):3375–3385

  • Meng YC, Liu GD (2010) Effect of below-cloud secondary evaporation on the stable isotopes inprecipitation over the Yangtze River basin[J]. Adv Water Sci 21(3):327–334

    Google Scholar 

  • Merlivat L, Jouzel J (1979) Global climatic interpretation of the deuterium-oxygen 18 relationship for precipitation[J]. J Geophys Res 84(C8):5029–5033

  • Miyake Y, Matsubaya O, Nishihara C (1968) An isotopic study on meteoric precipitation. Papers Meteorol Geophys 19:243–266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pang ZH, Kong YL, Froehlich K et al (2011) Processes affecting isotopes in precipitation of an arid region. Tellus 63B(3):352–359

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peng H, Mayer B, Harris S et al (2004) A 10-year record of stable isotope compositions of hydrogen and oxygen in precipitation at Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Tellus 56B:147–159

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peng H, Mayer B, Harris S et al (2007) The influence of below-cloud secondary effects on the stable isotope composition of hydrogen and oxygen in precipitation at Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Tellus 59B:698–704

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peng TR, Wang CH, Huang CC et al (2010) Stable isotopic characteristic of Taiwan’s precipitation: a case study of western Pacific monsoon region[J]. Earth Planet Sci Lett 289:357–366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rozanski K, Araguas L, Gonfiantini R (1993) Isotopic patterns in modern global precipitation. In: Swart PK, Lohmann KC, McKenzie J, Savin S (eds) Climate change in continental isotopic records, geophysics monograph No.78. American Geophysical Union, Washington, pp 1–36

  • Sengupta S, Sarkar A (2006) Stable isotope evidence of dual (Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal) vapor sources in monsoonal precipitation over north India. Earth Planet Science Lett 250(3–4):511–521

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steen-Larsen HC, Masson-Delmotte V, Sjolte J et al (2011) Understanding the climatic signal in the water stable isotope records from the NEEM shallow firn/ice cores in northwest Greenland. J Geophys Res. doi:10.1029/2010JD014311

    Google Scholar 

  • Stewart MK (1975) Stable isotope fractionation due to evaporation and isotopic exchange of falling water drops: applications to atmospheric processes and evaporation of lakes[J]. J Geophys Res 80(9):1133–1146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tian LD, Yao TD, Sun WZ et al (2000) Study on stable isotope fractionation during water evaporation in the middle of the Tibetan Plateau. J Glaciol Geocryol 16(3):202–210

    Google Scholar 

  • Tian LD, Yao TD, Song WZ (2001) The relationship of the precipitation between δD and δ18O in the north and south Tibetan Plateau and water circulation. Sci China 31(3):214–220

    Google Scholar 

  • Tian LD, Yao TD, MacClune K et al (2007) Stable isotopic variations in west China: a consideration of moisture sources. J Geophys Res 112(D10):D10112. doi:10.1029/2006JD007718

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang T. 2012. The stable isotope temporal-spatial distribution of modern precipitation over east monsoon China and its implication for climate. Nan Jing: Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, pp 1–63

  • Wang SJ (2015) Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation of the Tianshan Mountains and their significance in hydrological cycle. Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang SP, Zhang CJ, Han YX (2010) Trend of potentia1evapotranspiration and pan evaporation and their main impact factors in different climate regions of Gansu province, J Desert Res 30(3):675–680

  • Yamanaka T, Tsujimura M, Oyunbaatar D et al (2007) Isotopic variation of precipitation over eastern Mongolia and its implication for the atmospheric water cycle[J]. J Hydrol 333(1):21–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yapp CJ (1982) A model for the relationship between precipitation D/H ratios and precipitation intensity. J Geophys Res 87(C12):9614–9620

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu US, Tian LD, Ma YM et al (2006) Advances in the study of stable oxygen isotope in precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Adv Earth Sci 21(12):1314–1323

    Google Scholar 

  • Yu WS, Ma YM, Sun WZ et al (2009) Climatic significance of δ18O records from precipitation on the western Tibetan Plateau. Chinese Sci Bull 54:2732–2741. doi:10.1007/s11434-009-0495-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yurtsever Y, Gat JR (1981) Atmospheric waters. In: Stable Isotope Hydrology: Deuterium and Oxygen-18 in the Water Cycle. Technical Report Series No. 210, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, pp 103–142

  • Zhang XP, Yao TD (1994) World spatial characteristics of oxygen isotope ratio in precipitation. J Glaciol Geocryol 16(3):202–210

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang XP, Yao TD (1996) Relations between δD and δ18O in precipitation at present in the Northeast Tibetan Plateau [J]. J Glaciol Geocryol 18(4):360–365

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang XP, Yao TD (1998) Distributional features of δ18O in precipitation in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica 53(4):356–364

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang XP, Xie ZC, Yao TD (1998) Mathematical modeling of variations on stable isotopic ratios in falling raindrops [J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica 12(2):213–220

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang MJ, Ma Q, Li YJ et al (2011) Research of isotopic characteristic in precipitation and water vapor origin at the edge of monsoon region-A case study of Lanzhou city. J Northwest Normal Univ (Natural Sci Edit) 47(6):80–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang HT, Zhang ZH, Qian H (2012) Characteristics and influencing factors of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation in Lanzhou. Int J Environ Eng Res 1:70–76

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the Open-ended fund of State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SKLCS-OP-2014-11), The Project of the northwest normal university young teachers scientific research ability promotion plan (NWNU-LKQN-13-10) and three Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (41273010,41271133, 41461003), The project of major national research projects of China (2013CBA01808).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China

    Guo-feng Zhu, Jia-fang Li, Pei-ji Shi, Hua-li Tong, Yuan-feng Liu & Ling Yang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070, China

    Guo-feng Zhu & Yuan-qing He

  3. College of Resources and Environment, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730070, China

    Ao Cai

Authors
  1. Guo-feng Zhu
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jia-fang Li
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Pei-ji Shi
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yuan-qing He
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Ao Cai
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Hua-li Tong
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Yuan-feng Liu
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Ling Yang
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jia-fang Li.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhu, Gf., Li, Jf., Shi, Pj. et al. Relationship between sub-cloud secondary evaporation and stable isotope in precipitation in different regions of China. Environ Earth Sci 75, 876 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-5590-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-5590-9

Keywords