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Geochemical and diatom records of recent changes in depositional environment of a tropical wetland, central west coast of India

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Abstract

Two mudflat sediment cores collected from a sub-channel (S-61) and the main channel (S-60) of a tropical wetland, along central west coast of India, were investigated for recent changes in depositional environment using geochemical (sediment grain size, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, carbon/nitrogen ratio (TOC/TN), selected metals and pH) and diatom records. The sub-channel (S-61) represents river environment which opens into main channel (S-60) which represents marine environment being close to the sea. We report a transition from river-dominated to marine-dominated depositional environment over the years. The relatively higher sand percentage together with elevated carbon/nitrogen ratio and predominance of freshwater diatoms suggested greater river runoff in the past while marine influence is supported by decrease in TOC/TN ratio and increased dominance of marine diatoms in recent years. In the main channel (S-60), distribution of metals is regulated by organic matter (total nitrogen and total organic carbon) while in the sub-channel (S-61), Fe–Mn oxyhydroxides play a significant role in trace metal distribution. The highest numbers of diatoms were recorded in the sub-channel (S-61) which is also characterized by higher total nitrogen concentration. Geochemical and diatom signatures thus have helped to infer spatial and temporal variations in depositional environment.

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Acknowledgments

Authors thank Dr. Bishwajit Thakur, scientist, Birbal Sahni Institute of Paleobotany (BSIP), Lucknow, for the help in diatom analysis. We are grateful to Dr. Rahul Mohan, scientist, National center for Antarctic and ocean research (NCAOR), Goa, for providing microscope facility. Our sincere thanks to Dr. Rajeev Saraswat, scientist, National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), Goa, for his valuable suggestions on the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Marine Sciences, Goa University, Goa, 403206, India

    Anant Pande & G. N. Nayak

  2. Birbal Sahni Institute of Paleobotany, 53 University Road, Lucknow, 226007, India

    Vandana Prasad

  3. National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India

    C. PrakashBabu

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  1. Anant Pande
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Pande, A., Nayak, G.N., Prasad, V. et al. Geochemical and diatom records of recent changes in depositional environment of a tropical wetland, central west coast of India. Environ Earth Sci 73, 5447–5461 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3799-z

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