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Rough evaluation of the water-inflow discharge in abandoned mining tunnels using a simplified water balance model: the case of the Cogne iron mine (Aosta Valley, NW Italy)

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Abstract

One of the most complex hydrogeological problems in the design and maintenance of drainage systems in abandoned mining sites is quantifying the maximum water infiltration and, therefore, the amount that is potentially drainable by the tunnels. This problem is compounded when water-inflow data are limited or lacking. The aim of the study was to present a single but reliable model for making this evaluation; this model was applied to the case history of the abandoned Cogne iron ore mining complex (Western Alps, Aosta Valley Region, NW Italy). The study focused on quantifying the amount of water infiltrating into the mine drifts, using a water balance model in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. In the model, five different infiltration scenarios were calculated, including a detailed analysis of rainfall data, snow density and thickness (Snow Water Equivalent calculation), and melting periods. The maximum water discharge that could affect the mine tunnels was, therefore, determined under several scenarios of normal precipitation conditions and during heavy rainfall, including the case of the Cogne valley flood in October 2000, used as a reference for the limit conditions. Taking into account the various approximations considered, the results can be considered a good indication of the magnitude of the total amount of water that should be drained out through abandoned mine drifts and in the drainage network during implementation of final closure of the mine.

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Acknowledgments

Servizio cave, miniere e sorgenti of Regione Autonoma Valle d’Aosta (Quarries, mines and springs Service of the Regione Autonoma Valle d’Aosta) is greatly acknowledged for the supply of Cogne mine plans and for the permission of publication of the data used in this paper. Fintecna staff are gratefully acknowledged for their help with site surveys.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy

    Stefano Lo Russo, Loretta Gnavi, Daniele Peila & Enrico Suozzi

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  1. Stefano Lo Russo
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  2. Loretta Gnavi
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  3. Daniele Peila
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  4. Enrico Suozzi
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Correspondence to Stefano Lo Russo.

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Lo Russo, S., Gnavi, L., Peila, D. et al. Rough evaluation of the water-inflow discharge in abandoned mining tunnels using a simplified water balance model: the case of the Cogne iron mine (Aosta Valley, NW Italy). Environ Earth Sci 70, 2753–2765 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2335-x

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