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Statistical analysis of groundwater chemistry of the Tarim River lower reaches, Northwest China

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Abstract

This study applied a comprehensive quantitative approach including statistical, principal component and gray relation analyses to assess the groundwater chemistry based on monitored data from 840 samples collected from the lower reaches of Tarim River from 2000 to 2009. The main findings were: (1) there were six types of groundwater chemistry in the lower reaches of Tarim River where Cl·SO4–Na·Mg was the dominant type accounting for 73.57% in all samples. There were linear relationships among chemical parameters, where TDS had significant multiple correlations with Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and Cl−, respectively. (2) Three principal components (PC1, PC2 and PC3) were extracted. They included comprehensive measurements for salinization, alkalinity and pH, respectively. Most parameters showed decreasing trends during the period of 2000–2009, as well as the scores on PC1, because the concentrations of various chemical substances were diluted due to the uplift of the groundwater table in the lower reaches and the implementation of the ecological water delivery project in 2000. (3) HCO3 − was the most sensitive chemical parameter affected by the groundwater table followed by TA, Mg2+, TH, SO 2−4 , K+, TDS and TS. PC2 was the most sensitive principal component to the change of the groundwater table followed by PC1 and PC3.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program; No: 2010CB951003), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40871059, 40871239). The authors are very grateful to the anonymous referees for their hard work and generous comments given for the improvement of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Research Center for East-West Cooperation in China, the Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, the Ministry of Education of PRC, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China

    Jianhua Xu, Lijun Zhang, Yulian Hong, Xueli Bi & Yang Yang

  2. The Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology and Desert Environment, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China

    Yaning Chen & Weihong Li

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  1. Jianhua Xu
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  2. Yaning Chen
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  3. Weihong Li
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  4. Lijun Zhang
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  7. Yang Yang
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Correspondence to Jianhua Xu.

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Xu, J., Chen, Y., Li, W. et al. Statistical analysis of groundwater chemistry of the Tarim River lower reaches, Northwest China. Environ Earth Sci 65, 1807–1820 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-011-1161-2

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