Abstract
Aim
To systematically review existing scientific literature to determine, compare and evaluate the sinus complication and survival rates of quad zygoma against two zygomatic implants with combination of two regular implants in atrophic maxilla in adults.
Methods
Review was performed in accordance with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines and registered in PROSPERO—CRD42023392721 Electronic databases like PubMed, Google scholar and EBSCO host were searched from 2000 to December 2022 for studies reporting treatment of Atrophic maxilla with either quad zygoma or two zygomatic implants in combination with two regular implants. Quality assessment was evaluated using Cochrane risk of bias-2 tool for randomized controlled trials (RCT). The risk of bias summary graph and risk of bias summary applicability concern was plotted using RevMan software version 5.3. The odds ratio (OR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) were used as summary statistic measure with random effect model and p value < 0.05 as statistically significant.
Results
Eleven studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in qualitative synthesis, of which only nine studies were suitable for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate through the odds ratio 0.59 signifies that the quad zygomatic implants on an average has 0.59 (0.18–1.93) times or odds of developing sinus complications while the SMD signifies that better survival rate (SR) on an average is 0.35 (− 0.61 to 1.30) times more by two zygomatic implants with combination of two regular implants as compared to quad zygomatic implants (p > 0.05). Publication bias through the funnel plot showed asymmetric distribution with systematic heterogeneity.
Conclusion
Two zygomatic implants in combination with two regular implants provides better survival rate and less sinus complications compared to quad zygoma in atrophic maxilla. Despite the high SR observed, there is a need to conduct more randomized controlled clinical trials to examine their efficacy in comparison with other techniques.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ali SA et al (2014) Implant rehabilitation for atrophic maxilla: a review. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 14(3):196–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13191-014-0360-4
Marco S, Juan G et al (2005) Implant rehabilitation of the atrophic upper jaw: a review of the literature since 1999. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 10:E45–E56
Dym H et al (2012) Alveolar bone grafting and reconstruction procedures prior to implant placement. Dent Clin North Ame 56(1):209–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2011.09.005
Cooper LF (2009) The current and future treatment of edentulism. J Prosthodont 18(2):116–122. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2009.00441.x
Chrcanovic BR, Freire-Maia B (2010) Maxillary sinus aplasia. Oral Maxillofac Surg 14(3):187–191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-009-0200-6
Pham AV, Abarca M, De Mey A, Malevez C (2004) Rehabilitation of a patient with cleft lip and palate with an extremely edentulous atrophied posterior maxilla using zygomatic implants: case report. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 41(5):571–574. https://doi.org/10.1597/03-105.1
Gómez E, González T, Arias J, Lasaletta L (2008) Three-dimensional reconstruction after removal of zygomatic intraosseous hemangioma. Oral Maxillofac Surg 12(3):159–162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-008-0115-7
Chrcanovic BR, do Amaral MB, Marigo Hde A, Freire-Maia B (2010) An expanded odontogenic myxoma in maxilla. Stomatologija 12(4):122–128
Messias A, Nicolau P, Guerra F (2021) Different interventions for rehabilitation of the edentulous maxilla with implant-supported prostheses: an overview of systematic reviews. Int J Prosthodont 34:s63–s84. https://doi.org/10.11607/ijp.7162
Brånemark PI, Gröndahl K, Ohrnell LO et al (2004) Zygoma fixture in the management of advanced atrophy of the maxilla: technique and long-term results. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 38(2):70–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/02844310310023918
Esposito M, Worthington HV (2013) Interventions for replacing missing teeth: dental implants in zygomatic bone for the rehabilitation of the severely deficient edentulous maxilla. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013(9):CD004151. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004151.pub3
Langer B, Langer L, Herrmann I, Jorneus L (1993) The wide fixture: a solution for special bone situations and a rescue for the compromised implant. Part 1. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 8(4):400–408
Hirsch JM, Ohrnell LO, Henry PJ et al (2004) A clinical evaluation of the Zygoma fixture: one year of follow-up at 16 clinics. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 62(9 Suppl 2):22–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2004.06.030
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, PRISMA Group (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med 6(7):e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
Luchini C, Veronese N, Nottegar A et al (2021) Assessing the quality of studies in meta-research: review/guidelines on the most important quality assessment tools. Pharm Stat 20(1):185–195. https://doi.org/10.1002/pst.2068
Corbett MS, Higgins JP, Woolacott NF (2014) Assessing baseline imbalance in randomised trials: implications for the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Res Synth Methods 5(1):79–85. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1090
Sterne JA, Egger M (2001) Funnel plots for detecting bias in meta-analysis: guidelines on choice of axis. J Clin Epidemiol 54(10):1046–1055. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0895-4356(01)00377-8
Aparicio C, Ouazzani W, Garcia R, Arevalo X, Muela R, Fortes V (2006) A prospective clinical study on titanium implants in the zygomatic arch for prosthetic rehabilitation of the atrophic edentulous maxilla with a follow-up of 6 months to 5 years. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 8(3):114–122. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8208.2006.00009.x
Aparicio C, Ouazzani W, Aparicio A et al (2010) Immediate/early loading of zygomatic implants: clinical experiences after 2 to 5 years of follow-up. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 12(Suppl 1):e77–e82. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8208.2008.00134.x
Bedrossian E (2010) Rehabilitation of the edentulous maxilla with the zygoma concept: a 7-year prospective study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 25(6):1213–1221
Chana H, Smith G, Bansal H, Zahra D (2019) A retrospective cohort study of the survival rate of 88 zygomatic implants placed over an 18-year period. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 34(2):461–470. https://doi.org/10.11607/jomi.6790
Coppedê A, de Mayo T, de Sá ZM, Amorin R, de Pádua APAT, Shibli JA (2017) Three-year clinical prospective follow-up of extrasinus zygomatic implants for the rehabilitation of the atrophic maxilla. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 19(5):926–934. https://doi.org/10.1111/cid.12517
Davo R, Pons O, Rojas J, Carpio E (2010) Immediate function of four zygomatic implants: a 1-year report of a prospective study. Eur J Oral Implantol 3(4):323–334
Degidi M, Nardi D, Piattelli A, Malevez C (2012) Immediate loading of zygomatic implants using the intraoral welding technique: a 12-month case series. Int J Periodontics Restor Dent 32(5):e154–e161
Duarte LR, Filho HN, Francischone CE, Peredo LG, Brånemark PI (2007) The establishment of a protocol for the total rehabilitation of atrophic maxillae employing four zygomatic fixtures in an immediate loading system—a 30-month clinical and radiographic follow-up. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 9(4):186–196. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8208.2007.00046.x
Malevez C, Abarca M, Durdu F, Daelemans P (2004) Clinical outcome of 103 consecutive zygomatic implants: a 6–48 months follow-up study. Clin Oral Implants Res 15(1):18–22. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1600-0501.2003.00985.x
Davó R, Malevez C, Rojas J, Rodríguez J, Regolf J (2008) Clinical outcome of 42 patients treated with 81 immediately loaded zygomatic implants: a 12- to 42-month retrospective study. Eur J Oral Implantol 9 Suppl 1(2):141–150
Maló P, Nobre Mde A, Lopes A, Ferro A, Moss S (2014) Five-year outcome of a retrospective cohort study on the rehabilitation of completely edentulous atrophic maxillae with immediately loaded zygomatic implants placed extra-maxillary. Eur J Oral Implantol 7(3):267–281
Solà Pérez A et al (2022) Success rates of zygomatic implants for the rehabilitation of severely atrophic maxilla: a systematic review. Dent J 10(8):151. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj10080151
Aboul-Hosn Centenero S et al (2018) Zygoma quad compared with 2 zygomatic implants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Implant Dent 27(2):246–253. https://doi.org/10.1097/ID.0000000000000726
Agliardi EL, Romeo D, Panigatti S, de Araújo NM, Maló P (2017) Immediate full-arch rehabilitation of the severely atrophic maxilla supported by zygomatic implants: a prospective clinical study with minimum follow-up of 6 years. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 46(12):1592–1599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2017.05.023
Boyes-Varley JG, Howes DG, Davidge-Pitts KD, Brånemark I, McAlpine JA (2007) A protocol for maxillary reconstruction following oncology resection using zygomatic implants. Int J Prosthodont 20(5):521–531
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors have no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Wadde, K., Kokitkar, S., Venkatakrishnan, L. et al. Comparative Evaluation of Sinus Complication and Survival Rates of Quad Zygoma versus Bizygoma in Combination with two Regular Implants in Atrophic Maxilla: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-024-02136-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-024-02136-1