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Osteonecrosis of the Jaws: An Update and Review of Literature

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Abstract

Aim

To provide a concise review on risk factors, stages, pathophysiology, prevention and possible treatment options for both MRONJ and ORN individually.

Methods

The review was conducted according to the ‘Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses’ (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search of the PUBMED, Ebsco, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE and NDH for articles published up until 2021 was performed. After screening and full text analyses, 44 studies were included in this review. Definition, risk factors, etiology, symptoms, stages, pathophysiology, prevention and possible management options were explored and highlighted in this article.

Results

Three studies described osteonecrosis of jaw (ONJ) in general, 15 studies described ONJ associated with radiotherapy and 26 studies described ONJ associated with medications. Both the two conditions (ORN) and (MRONJ) have relatively similar clinical presentations clearing the fact that a resemblance in clinical presentations does not necessarily denote a similar pathophysiology.

Conclusion

However, various advancements have been made in the control and management of ONJ, but until and unless need for high tumoricidal doses exists, ONJ will certainly continue to remain as a clinical challenge demanding satisfactory treatment to improve the quality of life of the patient.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College, and Research Centre, Teerthanker Mahaveer Universitry, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi Road, NH-24, Bagadpur, Moradabad, 244001, India

    Flora Kalita, Durga Shanker Gupta, Neelima Gehlot, Subhajit Mitra, Snigdha Singh & Sooraj S. Pillai

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  1. Flora Kalita
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  2. Durga Shanker Gupta
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Kalita, F., Gupta, D.S., Gehlot, N. et al. Osteonecrosis of the Jaws: An Update and Review of Literature. J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg. 22, 344–351 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-023-01876-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-023-01876-w

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