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Temporomandibular Joint Fibrocartilage Contains CD105 Positive Mouse Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells with Increased Chondrogenic Potential

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Abstract

Objective

A specific type of mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs), CD105+ is reported to aid in cartilage regeneration through TGF-β/Smad2-signalling. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize CD105+ MSPCs in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage.

Materials and Methods

MSPCs were isolated from mouse TMJ condyle explants and evaluated for their clonogenicity and pluripotential abilities. MSPC were examined for CD105 antigen using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.

Results

Immunohistochemistry revealed presence of CD105+ MSPCs in the proliferative zone of condyle’s cartilage. Only 0.2% of isolated MSPCs exhibited CD105, along with the stem cell surface markers CD44 and Sca-1. In CD105+ MSPCs, intracellular immunostaining revealed significantly higher (p < 0.05) protein levels of collagen type 1, 2, proteoglycan 4. Ability for chondrogenic differentiation was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) after 4 weeks compared to CD105− cells, using alcian blue staining. CD105+ cells were found to resemble an early MSPC subgroup with significantly higher gene expression of biglycan, proteoglycan 4, collagen type 2, Gli2, Sox5 (p < 0.001) and Sox9 (p < 0.05). In contrast, significantly lower levels of Runx2 (p < 0.05), Osterix, Trps1, Col10a1 (p < 0.01), Ihh (p < 0.001) related to chondrocyte senescence and commitment to osteogenic lineage, were observed compared to CD105− cells.

Conclusion

The study showed the existence of a CD105+ MSPC subgroup within TMJ fibrocartilage that may be activated to aid in fibrocartilage repair.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded in part from grants: MGH-Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Education Research Fund (Boston, MA), Jean Foundation (NH), Fondation Bertarelli (Gstaadt, Switzerland) and MGH-Walter C. Guralnick Fund (Haseotes-Bentas Foundation, Boston, MA).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    Janis R. Thamm, Max-Laurin Mueller, Maria J. Troulis & Fernando Pozzi Semeghini Guastaldi

  2. Walter C. Guralnick Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    Maria J. Troulis

  3. Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Youssef Jounaidi

  4. Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    Vicki Rosen

  5. Skeletal Biology Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 50 Blossom St, Thier 513A, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Fernando Pozzi Semeghini Guastaldi

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  1. Janis R. Thamm
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Contributions

JRT contributed to the conception and design of the study, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data. YJ contributed to the acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data. MLM contributed to the acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data. VR contributed to analysis and interpretation of data. MJT contributed to the conception and design of the study. FPSG contributed to the conception and design of the study, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data. JRT and MLM drafted the manuscript. YJ, VR, MJT and FPSG revised the manuscript. All authors contributed to final approval of the version to be submitted.

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Correspondence to Fernando Pozzi Semeghini Guastaldi.

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Thamm, J.R., Jounaidi, Y., Mueller, ML. et al. Temporomandibular Joint Fibrocartilage Contains CD105 Positive Mouse Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells with Increased Chondrogenic Potential. J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg. 22, 559–570 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-022-01721-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-022-01721-6

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