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Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Hyaluronic Acid Following Arthrocentesis for Temporomandibular Joint Disc Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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Abstract

Purpose

Injection of intra-articular medicaments is an accepted therapy for temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs). This study compares the efficacy of arthrocentesis followed by platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as compared to hyaluronic acid (HA) injections for TMDs unresponsive to conservative therapy. PRP injection following arthrocentesis was hypothesized to be better compared to arthrocentesis alone or when combined with HA injection.

Methods

Forty-seven patients with TMDs enrolled in an RCT were randomly assigned to three groups: Group A—PRP, Group B—HA or Group C—control group of arthrocentesis alone. Pre-operative evaluation and post-operative changes at 1-, 3-, 6-month intervals were assessed for improvement in pain, maximum mouth opening, joint sounds and excursive movements. Statistical significance was set at P value < 0.05.

Results

Post-operative joint sounds were present in three out of 16 patients in Group A; six out of 15 patients in Group B and eight out of 16 patients in Group C at 6-month follow-up. For the remaining outcome variables, no statistical difference between groups was observed.

Conclusion

Both medicaments produced significant clinical improvements when compared to the control group. When comparing PRP against HA, none showed superiority over the other.

Clinical trial registration number: CTRI/2019/01/017076

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Funding

No funding was received for this study.

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Author notes

  1. Shiju Mathew Jacob

    Present address: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Military Dental Center, Meerut, 250001, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Army Dental Center (Research & Referral), C/O Army Hospital (Research & Referral), Delhi Cantt, New Delhi, India

    Shiju Mathew Jacob, Tapas Kumar Bandyopadhyay, Prabodh Kumar Chattopadhyay & Vinay Singh Parihar

  2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3 Corps Dental Unit, C/O 99 APO, 903503, India

    Vinay Singh Parihar

Authors
  1. Shiju Mathew Jacob
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  2. Tapas Kumar Bandyopadhyay
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  3. Prabodh Kumar Chattopadhyay
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  4. Vinay Singh Parihar
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shiju Mathew Jacob.

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Jacob, S.M., Bandyopadhyay, T.K., Chattopadhyay, P.K. et al. Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Hyaluronic Acid Following Arthrocentesis for Temporomandibular Joint Disc Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg. 21, 1199–1204 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-021-01519-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-021-01519-y

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