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Grape Processing Waste: A Safe Extract to Alleviate High-Fat-Diet-Induced Lipotoxicity and Energy Fueling Alteration in Rat Heart

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Abstract

During winemaking, large amounts of wastes such as grape pomace and stalks are produced as by-products. Due to the presence of organic compounds, pH, salinity, and heavy metal content, these by-products are regarded as highly polluting. Thus, it is now well established that valorization of this biomass contributes in viability of the environment and the economy. Rich in phytochemicals, grape seeds have been notably considered as a promising source of value-added materials. This study was carried out to analyze the incidence of a High Fat Diet (HFD)-induced lipotoxicity and energy fueling disturbances in rat heart as well as on the putative protection afforded by Grape Seed Extract (GSE). Experimental design consisted in four groups of animals as follows: Standard Diet (SD); SD + GSE (SG); (HFD); HFD + GSE (HG). We showed that GSE counteracted the effect of HFD on Free Fatty Acid (FFA) profile, namely, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, palmitic acid and palmitoleic acid. Besides, GSE treatment restored HFD altered metabolic pathways, through recovery of several metabolic enzyme activities such as lipase, glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase. To our knowledge, this is the first study emphasizing the anti-lipotoxic and cardioprotective effects of GSE in relation with FFA profile and energy fueling enzymes, supporting its role as a therapeutic agent in obesity-induced cardiac dysfunction.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia

    Thouraya Majoul, Kamel Charradi, Ferid Limam & Ezzedine Aouani

  2. Higher Institute of Sciences and Technologies of the Environment, University of Carthage, Ecopark of BorjCédria, BP 1003, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia

    Thouraya Majoul

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  1. Thouraya Majoul
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  2. Kamel Charradi
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  4. Ezzedine Aouani
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by TM, KC, FL and EA. The first draft of the manuscript was written by TM and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Thouraya Majoul.

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Majoul, T., Charradi, K., Limam, F. et al. Grape Processing Waste: A Safe Extract to Alleviate High-Fat-Diet-Induced Lipotoxicity and Energy Fueling Alteration in Rat Heart. Waste Biomass Valor 15, 2249–2257 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-023-02290-6

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