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Protein-Rich Agro-Industrial Co-products are Key Substrates for Growth of Chromobacterium vaccinii and its Violacein Bioproduction

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Abstract

Purpose

Microbial fermentation on agro-industrial co-products is an interesting strategy for the bioproduction of metabolites of interest, as it lowers the costs of production and uses renewable and abundant carbon sources. Violacein is a purple pigment with interesting properties that is commonly produced by fermentation. Chromobacterium vaccinii, a wild-type, natural and non-toxic Proteobacteria (Pseudomonadota), has the ability to produce violacein. However, to select an optimal co-product as carbon source, it is necessary to understand its use of the different constituents of plant biomass.

Methods

Growth and violacein production of C. vaccinii were first studied on the main components of plant biomass. Then, they were assessed in presence of raw co-products at various concentrations. Tryptophan, a precursor of violacein biosynthesis, was added in order to evaluate the impact on violacein production yields.

Results

C. vaccinii was able to grow on gluten (wheat protein), as well as on low concentrations of glucose. Selecting protein-rich substrates such as soybean and rapeseed cakes led to improved growth and violacein bioproduction. Addition of tryptophan led to net increases in violacein, but had low impacts on the bacterial growth.

Conclusion

Understanding microbial growth mechanisms during bioproduction of molecules of interest is key in order to select the best adapted agro-industrial co-products used as substrate. This study allowed to better characterize growth of C. vaccinii on various carbon sources and plant biomass, and showed that an optimal substrate with the addition of tryptophan could increase greatly the bioproduction yields of violacein by C. vaccinii.

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Data Availability

All positive data generated and analysed for the current study can be found in the present article and its supplementary file.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank la "Fondation de France" and la "Fondation du site Paris-Reims" for its financial support to this project. The authors are grateful to the French Region Grand Est, Grand Reims and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) for the financial support of the chaire AFERE. The authors thank Gonzague Alavoine for the composition analyses of the agro-industrial co-products.

Funding

This project was supported by la "Fondation de France" and la "Fondation du site Paris-Reims". The chaire AFERE was supported by the French Region Grand Est, Grand Reims and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).

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  1. Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A 614, Chaire AFERE, 51097, Reims, France

    Mathieu Cassarini, David Crônier, Ludovic Besaury & Caroline Rémond

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  1. Mathieu Cassarini
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  2. David Crônier
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Experiments, results analysis and writing of the main draft of manuscript was done by Mathieu Cassarini. All authors participated on the comments and revisions of the manuscript and approved its submission.

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Correspondence to Ludovic Besaury.

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Cassarini, M., Crônier, D., Besaury, L. et al. Protein-Rich Agro-Industrial Co-products are Key Substrates for Growth of Chromobacterium vaccinii and its Violacein Bioproduction. Waste Biomass Valor 13, 4459–4468 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-022-01798-7

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