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Incineration of Aviary Manure: The Case Studies of Poultry Litter and Laying Hens Manure

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Abstract

The industrial incineration of aviary manure is still far from the concept of using its ash residuals for nutrient uptake by plants and most of these materials are landfilled under futile fixed cost. Aviary manure includes poultry litter mixed with different aviary bedding materials or laying hens manure, which may be burned using different incineration technologies and conditions. This study aims to determine the comparative characterisation of P-rich ash residues sampled at Güres Energy (Turkey) fluidized bed combustion of laying hens manure and at Campoaves (Portugal) chain grate stoker combustion of rice husk poultry litter. The effect of different fuels and different combustion systems on P speciation in ash was investigated: the characterisation of global samples (bottom ash (BA), economiser fly ash (FAECO), cyclone fly ash (FACYC)) and respective size-fractions were done chemically (proximate and elemental analysis by X-ray fluorescence–XRF–and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy – ICP-MS), morphologically (detailed imaging and X-ray micro analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy—Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectrometry–SEM−EDS) and mineralogically (X-ray diffraction–XRD). Phosphorus was detected in Güres ashes mainly as hydroxyapatite crystals alongside with CaCO3 relics and CaO, while Campoaves ash fractions contained P also as Na–K-Mg phosphate and major amounts of rice husk relics including unburnt char and silica phases. Both Güres and Campoaves ashes are complex but the combustion of aviary manure under these setting conditions appears to be promising for P recovery owing to their high P content and limited trace elements respecting the limitations imposed by EU legislation for fertilisers applications.

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All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information files).

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Funding

This research was under the scope of the Program ERA-MIN2 of the European Commission, Project DEASPHOR entitled “Design of a product for substitution of phosphate rocks” and funded by FCT (Portugal; Ref. ERA-MIN/0002/2017)—UEFISCDI 48/2018—CUP D81I18000190002.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, via Branze, 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy

    Ario Fahimi, Elza Bontempi & Laura Fiameni

  2. Earth Science Institute – Porto pole, Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Plannings, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169 – 007, Porto, Portugal

    Alexandra Guedes, Renato Guimarães, Karen Moreira, Ana Cláudia Santos & Bruno Valentim

  3. University Politehnica of Bucharest, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Research Center for Environmental Protection and Eco-Friendly Technologies, 1, Polizu St, 011061, Bucharest, Romania

    Georgeta Predeanu & Mihaela Bălănescu

  4. Ege Üniversitesi Güneş Enerjisi Enstitüsü, 119/1, sokak 2, Bornova, Izmir, 35100, Turkey

    Hayati Olgun

  5. Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CREGU, GeoRessources Lab, Campus Aiguillettes, Faculté Des Sciences Et Technologies, rue Jacques Callot, 54506, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France

    Marie Christine Boiron & Michel Cathelineau

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  1. Ario Fahimi
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  2. Elza Bontempi
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by AF, EB, LF, BV, AG, KM, ACS, RG, GP and MB. The first draft of the manuscript was written by AF, BV and EB and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ario Fahimi.

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Fahimi, A., Bontempi, E., Fiameni, L. et al. Incineration of Aviary Manure: The Case Studies of Poultry Litter and Laying Hens Manure. Waste Biomass Valor 13, 3335–3357 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-022-01739-4

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