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Quality of Microfibrillated Cellulose Produced from Unbleached Pine Sawdust Pulp as an Environmentally Friendly Source

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Abstract

The implementation of biorefineries of sawmill residues is an opportunity in countries or regions with a high rate of afforestation. Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) is a high-value product that can be obtained from the cellulosic fraction. However, many critical aspects involved in its production and characterization are not clarified yet. This study analyzes the physical and morphological properties of laboratory-obtained MFC from different sources, among them, hardwood and softwood industrial pulps and unbleached pine sawdust pulps from conventional and non-conventional processes, aiming to evaluate and predict the relationship between the characteristics of the pulps and those of MFC. MFC dimensions and the properties of the MFC suspensions (viscosity, transmittance, others) were determined. The results showed that unbleached pine sawdust pulp is a low-cost and environmentally friendly raw material for MFC production and that this MFC can be produced with less energy and on a small scale than MFC from industrial pulps. A principal component analysis was assessed, showing that pine pulps from sawdust produce MFC of similar characteristics to conventional pine pulps from chips (high relative transmittance, short microfibrils, and small widths visible with the optical microscope), so fiber length of the original pulp is not so relevant than high fiber width and fiber coarseness.

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Funding

The authors acknowledge the support of the National University of Misiones (UNaM), the National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Argentina, the Laboratory of Forest Products (LPF), the University of Concepción, Chile, the Federal University of Parana, Brasil, and the CYTED Network “Technological Transfer of Nanocellulose Applications in Iberoamérica (NANOCELIA)”.

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Author notes

  1. Giselle González and Nanci V. Ehman have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Celulosa y Papel (PROCYP), IMAM, CONICET, FCEQYN, UNaM, Félix de Azara 1552, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina

    Giselle González, Nanci V. Ehman, Yanina S. Aguerre, María E. Vallejos, Fernando E. Felissia & M. Cristina Area

  2. Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile

    Sergio Henríquez-Gallegos & Miguel Pereira

  3. Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Ana P. Namikata da Fonte, Graciela I. B. Muniz & Mayara E. Carneiro

  4. Laboratório Central de Nanotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Graciela I. B. Muniz & Mayara E. Carneiro

Authors
  1. Giselle González
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  2. Nanci V. Ehman
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  3. Yanina S. Aguerre
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  4. Sergio Henríquez-Gallegos
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  5. Ana P. Namikata da Fonte
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  6. Graciela I. B. Muniz
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  7. Miguel Pereira
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  8. Mayara E. Carneiro
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  9. María E. Vallejos
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  10. Fernando E. Felissia
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  11. M. Cristina Area
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Contributions

Conceptualization: MCA and MEV; Methodology: GG, YSA, SHG, APNF, GIBM, MP, MEC and FEF; Validation: MCA and MEV; Formal analysis: NVE, MCA and MEV; Investigation: GG, NVE, FEF, YSA, GIBM, MP, MCA and MEV; Data curation: MEV and MCA; Writing—original draft preparation: GG, NVE, MCA and MEV; Writing—review and editing, MCA and MEV; Supervision: MCA and MEV; Project administration: MCA; Funding acquisition: MCA and MEV.

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Correspondence to Giselle González.

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González, G., Ehman, N.V., Aguerre, Y.S. et al. Quality of Microfibrillated Cellulose Produced from Unbleached Pine Sawdust Pulp as an Environmentally Friendly Source. Waste Biomass Valor 13, 1609–1626 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-021-01615-7

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