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Improvements in the Extractive and Carbohydrate Analysis of Sugarcane Bagasse

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Abstract

Generic procedures for the determination of extractives and carbohydrates (glucose, xylose, galactose, arabinose, mannose) were improved specifically for sugarcane bagasse. The extraction time was optimized using a specific design of experiments. The optimal condition for sugarcane biomass with up to 20% extractives was 11.5 h of extraction in water, followed by 9 h in ethanol. For the carbohydrate analysis, a separation method using liquid chromatography was improved and optimized to reduce the retention time of furanic compounds. The reduction obtained was approximately 30%. The optimal condition was the isocratic elution of the mobile phase with an aqueous solution containing 15% acetonitrile. The percentages of glycans, xylans, and arabinans in the extractive-free biomass was 33%, 22%, and 6.5%, respectively. The galactans and mannans were not detected. Acetyl groups and uronic acids were not determined.

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Abbreviations

GVL:

Gamma-valerolactone

HMF:

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

NREL:

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

TAPPI:

Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry

ASTM:

American Society of Testing and Materials

tw :

Extraction time in water

te :

Extraction time in ethanol

CCD:

Central composite design

HPLC:

High-performance liquid chromatograph

PDA:

Photodiode array

ELSD:

Evaporative light scattering detector

ACN:

Acetonitrile

SRSs:

Sugar recovery standards

BMT:

Biomass of the RB867515 variety, used as a test biomass for the development of the procedure

BMT25:

Biomass of the RB867515 variety, used as a test biomass for the development of the procedure, dried in open air

BMT45:

Biomass of the RB867515 variety, used as a test biomass for the development of the procedure, oven-dried at 45 °C for 24 h

BMA32:

Biomass of the RB127032 variety, used as a application biomass for the validation of the procedure

BMA35:

Biomass of the RB127035 variety, used as a application biomass for the validation of the procedure

BMA39:

Biomass of the RB127039 variety, used as a application biomass for the validation of the procedure

BMA45:

Biomass of the RB127045 variety, used as a application biomass for the validation of the procedure

Extr:

Extractives

TL:

Total lignin

TCarb:

Total carbohydrates: cellulose and hemicellulose

IL:

Insoluble lignin

SC:

Silica in the lignin

SL:

Soluble lignin

TA:

Total ash

RSD:

Relative standard deviation

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

R 2 :

Determination coefficient

CELLO:

Cellobiose

GLU:

Glucose

XYL:

Xylose

ARA:

Arabinose

GAL:

Galactose

MAN:

Mannose

FUR:

Furfural

HMF:

Hydroxymethylfurfural

GLN:

Glycan

XLN:

Xylan

ABN:

Arabinan

CELLU:

Cellulose

HEM:

Hemicellulose

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Acknowledgements

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001 and by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa no Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)—Process CEX—APQ-01424-13.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil

    Paula S. Barbosa & Reinaldo F. Teófilo

  2. Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil

    Marcio H. P. Barbosa

  3. Department of Forestry Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil

    Bruno de F. H. de Faria

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  1. Paula S. Barbosa
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Barbosa, P.S., Barbosa, M.H.P., de Faria, B.d.F.H. et al. Improvements in the Extractive and Carbohydrate Analysis of Sugarcane Bagasse. Waste Biomass Valor 12, 3727–3740 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01268-y

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