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Protein Enrichment of Cassava-Based Dried Distiller’s Grain by Solid State Fermentation Using Trichoderma Harzianum and Yarrowia Lipolytica for Feed Ingredients

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Abstract

Cassava-based dried distiller’s grain (Cassava-based DDG) is known as a by-product of the bio-ethanol industry with low nutritional value due to the presence of cyanide and to the low content of protein. More value can be added to cassava-based DDG through solid-state fermentation (SSF) using mold and yeast. SSF were conducted with cassava-based DDG in 8 and 5 days of fermentation, respectively. Under optimal conditions, the crude protein fraction of cassava-based DDG fermented by Trichoderma harzianum BiomaTH1 or Yarrowia lipolytica W29 was increased from 11.84% DM for unfermented sample to 15.29 and 14.06% DM, respectively. In addition, the total amino acids of fermented samples using T. harzianum and Y. lipolytica was increased from 11.01% DM to 13.86% DM and 12.39% DM along with an increase in the essential amino acids content which enhanced by 55% and 22%, respectively, including limiting amino acids in pig feeds. The in vitro protein digestibility was improved significantly from 82.5% to 89.2 and 86.9% for T. harzianum and Y. lipolytica fermentation, respectively. Beside increasing the nutritional value, the SSF showed a clear effect in reducing cyanide content of raw cassava DDG from 62.3 mg/kg DM to 24.3 and 53.6 mg/kg. The obtained results indicated that the protein enrichment of this bio-ethanol by-product using mold and yeast fermentation could be very promising to be used efficiently as a cheap and abundant source of essential amino acids for animal feed ingredients in Vietnam. The nutritional projection of adding this cheap ingredient was discussed.

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Acknowledgements

We thank French Embassy in Vietnam for providing PhD scholarship (Bourse d’excellence de l’Ambassade de France) and financial support for this work. We acknowledge the financial support from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Vietnam through the Grant ĐTĐL.CN-07/20. We also thank Jean-François Cavin, Florence Husson and Christine Rojas for their kind support and advice during experiments at AgroSup Dijon, France.

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  1. School of Biotechnology and Food Technology (SBFT), Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1 Dai Co Viet, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam

    Mai-Dinh Vuong, Nguyen-Tien Thanh, Chu-Ky Son & Waché Yves

  2. International Joint Laboratory, Tropical Bioresources and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, PAM UMR A 02.102, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, AgroSup Dijon, 21000, Dijon, France

    Mai-Dinh Vuong, Chu-Ky Son & Waché Yves

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Vuong, MD., Thanh, NT., Son, CK. et al. Protein Enrichment of Cassava-Based Dried Distiller’s Grain by Solid State Fermentation Using Trichoderma Harzianum and Yarrowia Lipolytica for Feed Ingredients. Waste Biomass Valor 12, 3875–3888 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01262-4

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