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Effect of Metal Contaminants and Antioxidants on the Oxidation Stability of Argemone mexicana Biodiesel: Experimental and Statistical Study

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Abstract

Biodiesel’s auto-oxidation by metal catalyzed decomposition of hydroxides (ROOH) is a major hurdle restricting the commercial viability of biodiesel. This paper investigates the oxidation stability of argemone biodiesel contaminated with transition metals such as: Fe, Ni, Mn, Cu, and Co. Pure argemone oil biodiesel (ABD) has a rancimat induction period of 2.5 h which does not satisfy the ASTM-D6751 and EN-14214 standard limits of 3 and 8 h respectively. The results show that the presence of a metal in argemone oil results in accelerating the free radical oxidation reaction. To meet the desired standards, present work experimentally investigates the effect of various antioxidants like BHT, BHA, TBHQ, PY, and PG in the range of 100–500 ppm on argemone oil biodiesel. Effectiveness order of antioxidants in pure biodiesel was observed as: PY > PG > BHA > BHT > TBHQ. The 500 ppm of most effective antioxidant pyrogallol (PY) has the potential to enhance the induction period of argemone biodiesel above 8 h which is vital by EN-14214 standard. Based on the results of most effective antioxidant PY and varying concentration of metals (Fe, Ni, Mn, Cu, and Co), several correlations have been developed to calculate the induction period of argemone oil biodiesel, as a function of antioxidant and metal concentration.

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Abbreviations

FAME:

Fatty acid methyl ester

ABD:

Argemone Biodiesel

SOME:

Soybean oil methyl ester

JBD:

Jatropha biodiesel

IP:

Induction period

TBHQ:

Tertiary butylhydroquinone

BHT:

Butylated hydroxytoluene

BHA:

Butylated hydroxyanisole

PG:

Propyl gallate

PY:

Pyrogallol

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. B R Ambedkar NIT, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

    Mandeep Singh, Deepak Kumar Singh & Sarbjot Singh Sandhu

  2. Department of Industrial & Production Engineering, Dr. B R Ambedkar NIT, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

    Surjit Kumar Gandhi & Ajay Gupta

  3. Department of Physical Sciences, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University Main Campus, Kapurthala, India

    Amit Sarin

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dayanand Anglo Vedic Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jalandhar, India

    Sanjeev Saini

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University Hoshiarpur Campus, Hoshiarpur, India

    Sunil Kumar Mahla

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Singh, M., Singh, D.K., Gandhi, S.K. et al. Effect of Metal Contaminants and Antioxidants on the Oxidation Stability of Argemone mexicana Biodiesel: Experimental and Statistical Study. Waste Biomass Valor 11, 6189–6198 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-019-00886-5

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