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Utilization of Atlantic Salmon By-product Oil for Omega-3 Fatty Acids Rich 2-Monoacylglycerol Production: Optimization of Enzymatic Reaction Parameters

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Abstract

The research work was aimed to produce 2-monoacylglycerol rich omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extracted Atlantic salmon frame bone oil (SFBO) by using sn-1,3 lipase catalyzed ethanolysis. SFBO was extracted by SC-CO2 at 45 °C, 25 MPa at carbon dioxide flow rate of 27 g/min for 3 h. Four sn-1,3 specific immobilized lipases namely Novozym-435, Lipozyme TLIM, Lipozyme RMIM, and Lipase DF were screened to evaluate the efficiency of catalyzing ethanolysis reaction for 2-monoacylglycerol production. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize ethanolysis parameters such as reaction temperature, time, enzyme load, and ethanol: oil molar ratio to maximize 2-monoacylglycerol production. Salmon frame bone was found rich in oil and the yield was 35.15% in supercritical CO2 extraction. Lipozyme TLIM showed the highest catalyzing activity for 2-monoacylglycerol production from SFBO. The optimum reaction temperature, time, enzyme load, and ethanol: oil molar ratio determined by RSM were 42.5 °C, 4.15 h, 42.81%, and 49.82, respectively at which the yield of 2-monoacylglycerol was 41.81%. Thin layer chromatography analysis proved that the solvent extraction process performed in this study for the separation and purification of 2-MAG from ethanolysis reaction products was successful. The ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids content was found 21.34% in 2-monoacylglycerol whereas  SC-CO2 extracted SFBO contained 11.25%. Production of 2-monoacylglycerol by ethanolysis reaction of  SFBO at the optimized conditions with Lipozyme TLIM may be an efficient approach for human food supplement and potential for food and pharmaceutical industry.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Business for Cooperative R&D (Grant No. C0350298) between Industry, Academy, and Research Institute funded Korea Small and Medium Business Administration in 2015.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea

    Monjurul Haq & Byung-Soo Chun

  2. Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore, 7408, Bangladesh

    Monjurul Haq

  3. School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia

    Phillip Pendleton

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  1. Monjurul Haq
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Correspondence to Byung-Soo Chun.

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Haq, M., Pendleton, P. & Chun, BS. Utilization of Atlantic Salmon By-product Oil for Omega-3 Fatty Acids Rich 2-Monoacylglycerol Production: Optimization of Enzymatic Reaction Parameters. Waste Biomass Valor 11, 153–163 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-018-0392-9

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