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Fuel Quality Index: A Novel Experimental Evaluation Tool for Biodiesel Prepared from Waste Cooking Oil

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Abstract

The potential of biodiesel has been recognized widely, however limited availability of feedstocks have hampered its frequent production. In present study feasibility of waste cooking oil (WCO) for biodiesel production was analyzed and its characterization was performed for development of fuel quality index (FQI). Characteristics of raw oil samples and transesterified oil samples (Soyabean oil and Sunflower oil) after various heating and cooling cycles (1st–10th cycles) were analyzed and compared with American Society for Testing and Materials standards. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis clearly revealed remarkable changes in the spectralband (1400–1700 cm−1) after transformation of the fatty acid group into ester with selected oil samples obtained at varying heating and cooling cycles. Both oils samples at 10th cycle of heating and cooling showed more pronounced changes in the value of density from 0.9 to 0.93 g ml−1 in SFO, 0.91 to 0.87 in SBO and viscosity 41.45 ± 1.52 to 45.65 ± 1.45 mm2 s−1 in SFO and 40.32 ± 1.2 to 44.57 ± 1.68 mm2 s−1than the control and transesterified samples. The characteristics of transesterified oil samples were used to generate FQI, which is found to be analogous with commercial biodiesel. Thus, the present study provides a competitive alternative feedstock in the form of WCO to produce biodiesel at commercial scale.

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Acknowledgements

The authors of the manuscript are grateful to University Grant Commission (UGC) of India for providing financial support and Head, Department of Environmental Science and Director, USIC of Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India for providing the instrumentation facilities for this research study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, U.P., India

    Shamshad Ahmad & Richa Kothari

  2. Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Jammu, Samba, J&K, 181143, India

    Richa Kothari

  3. Department of Chemistry, Manav Rachana University, Faridabad, Haryana, India

    Vinayak V. Pathak

  4. Defence Material and Store Research & Development Establishment, Kanpur, U.P., India

    Mritunjay K. Pandey

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  1. Shamshad Ahmad
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Correspondence to Richa Kothari.

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Ahmad, S., Kothari, R., Pathak, V.V. et al. Fuel Quality Index: A Novel Experimental Evaluation Tool for Biodiesel Prepared from Waste Cooking Oil. Waste Biomass Valor 10, 2237–2247 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-018-0250-9

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