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Ethanol Production from Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Using Various Types of Enhancers Based on the Consumable Sugars

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Abstract

Ethanol production from cellulosic biomass could effectively increase using enhancers. In this study, five types of different enhancers: fermented malt extract (FME), fermented barley extract (FBE), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC), horse dung (HD) and mixture of all enhancers (Mix) were used in order to evaluate the sugar and ethanol production from water hyacinth. Acid pretreatment (H2SO4) was used in order to enhance digestibility for conversion of water hyacinth into ethanol. To observe the efficiency of pretreatment SEM and FTIR was used to observe the structural changes of water hyacinth before and after pretreatment. The sugar consumption rate was in order of MIX, SC, HD, FME and FBE during 60 h fermentation time, respectively. The highest ethanol produced by MIX with 5.1 ± 1.2 g/L with 60% sugar consumption, 0.085 gp/L/h ethanol volumetric productivity, 0.42 gp/gs ethanol yield and 82% theoretical yield in 60 h of fermentation. Ethanol production followed up by 3.4 ± 0.8, 3.2 ± 0.9, 1.5 ± 0.4 and 1.1 ± 0.5 g/L using SC, HD, FME and FBE, respectively. The results shows that ethanol production rate is correlated to sugar consumption during fermentation.

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Acknowledgement

The authors would like to acknowledge the government research grant CLMV (R. J130000.7817.4L188) as well as the KTP-RMC grant (R.J130000.7817.4L516).. In addition, the first author is a researcher of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) under the post-doctoral fellowship scheme (PDRU grant) for the project: “Conversion of various types of lignocellulosic compounds to bioenergy” (Vot No. Q.J130000.21A2.03E42).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA), Research Institute for Environmental Sustainability, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Block C07, Level 2, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Shahabaldin Rezania, Mohd Fadhil Md Din & Hesam Kamyab

  2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Shahabaldin Rezania, Mohd Fadhil Md Din, Shazwin Mat Taib & Hesam Kamyab

  3. Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology, UTM, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Shaza Eva Mohamad

  4. Water Research Group, The School of Environmental Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kompleks Pengajian Jejawi 3, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

    Farrah Aini Dahalan

  5. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Negisa Darajeh

  6. Faculty of Education, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Shirin Shafiei Ebrahimi

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  1. Shahabaldin Rezania
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Correspondence to Shahabaldin Rezania or Mohd Fadhil Md Din.

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Rezania, S., Din, M.F.M., Taib, S.M. et al. Ethanol Production from Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Using Various Types of Enhancers Based on the Consumable Sugars. Waste Biomass Valor 9, 939–946 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-017-9883-3

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