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Maximized Utilization of Raw Rice Bran in Microbial Oils Production and Recovery of Active Compounds: A proof of concept

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Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomass is currently considered as one of the promising feedstock for petroleum diesel alternative, together with single cell oils. Rice bran, which is a very abundant waste especially in Asia, could be utilized better than just as cattle feed. Dilute acid hydrolysis using 3 % H2SO4 at 90 °C was found to be able to maximize the sugar produced from raw rice bran without prior oil extraction (TRS = 54.91 g/L). Activated carbon was used for removing most furan inhibitors from rice bran hydrolysate (RBH) after hydrolysis and resulted in a TRS of 50.10 g/L. RBH was then neutralized using calcium hydroxide and diluted to a TRS concentration of 30 g/L. RBH was used to culture Yarrowia lipolytica PO1g, resulting in a comparable results of lipid content to that cultured in complex medium (YPD). The highest crude lipid content obtained from Y. lipolytica cultivated in RBH with addition of 10 g/L yeast extract was 23.94 % (biomass = 14.3 g/L), while the optimum result obtained using YPD was at a C/N ratio of 9.5 (biomass reached 14.7 g/L) and crude lipid content was 28.42 %. Furthermore, lipid and γ-oryzanol can be recovered after dilute acid hydrolysis.

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Abbreviations

BF3 :

Boron trifluoride

FA:

Fatty acids

FFA:

Free fatty acids

C/N:

Carbon to nitrogen

YPD:

Yeast extract-peptone-dextrose

RB:

Rice bran

DRB:

Defatted rice bran

URBH:

Unsieved rice bran hydrolysate

SRBH:

Sieved rice bran hydrolysate

UDRBH:

Unsieved defatted rice bran hydrolysate

HMF:

Hydroxymethylfurfural

HPLC:

High performance liquid chromatography

TRS:

Total reducing sugars

HTGC:

High Temperature Gas Chromatography

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 103-2221-E-011-148).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Keelung Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei, 106-07, Taiwan

    Sylviana Sutanto, Kuan-Hung Chen & Yi-Hsu Ju

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of San Carlos, Talamban Campus, Nasipit Talamban, 6000, Cebu City, Philippines

    Alchris Woo Go

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya, 60114, Indonesia

    Suryadi Ismadji

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  1. Sylviana Sutanto
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  2. Alchris Woo Go
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Correspondence to Suryadi Ismadji.

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Sutanto, S., Go, A.W., Chen, KH. et al. Maximized Utilization of Raw Rice Bran in Microbial Oils Production and Recovery of Active Compounds: A proof of concept. Waste Biomass Valor 8, 1067–1080 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-016-9685-z

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