Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Bioethanol from Dried Household Food Waste Applying Non-isothermal Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation at High Substrate Concentration

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Waste and Biomass Valorization Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Household food waste (HFW) a complex biomass containing soluble sugars, lipids, proteins, cellulose, was used for bioethanol production at high substrate concentration and low enzyme loadings. HFW was subjected to microwave digestion (121 °C, 15 min) at 20 % (w/v) substrate concentration in the presence or absence of dilute sulfuric acid. The whole slurry was hydrolyzed and simultaneously saccharified and fermented using 5 and 10 FPU/g dry HFW. Enzymatic hydrolysis resulted in glucose yields in the range of 44–47 % of the theoretical (based on potential glucose content in the HFW) for both enzyme loadings tested, indicating that enzyme loadings lower than 10 FPU/g HFW could be used. During SSF tests the highest ethanol production (23.12 g/L) was obtained from the pretreated in the presence of dilute sulfuric acid HFW at 10 FPU/g HFW. In an attempt to protect the soluble fraction from possible decomposition and increase ethanol concentration, hot water treatment and higher substrate concentrations were examined. At optimal pretreatment conditions (100 °C, 60 min), glucose yields of 54.69 and 58.39 % (of the theoretical based on potential glucose content in the HFW) were achieved at 30 and 50 % w/v substrate concentration, respectively, which corresponds to an ethanol production of 17.44 and 31.03 g/L, respectively. In order to overcome the technical difficulties due to high initial viscosity of the material, when operating hydrolysis and fermentation at high initial substrate concentrations, a non-isothermal simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process operating in fed-batch mode was applied at 40 % (w/v) final substrate concentration, resulting in 42.66 g/L (or 107 g/kg HFW) ethanol production.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Balat, M.: Production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials via the biochemical pathway: a review. Energy Convers. Manag. 52, 858–875 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. European Commission: Green paper—on the management of bio-waste in the European Union. Brussels (Belgium), 3 December 2008 (COM(2008) 811 final)

  3. Lin, C.S.K., Pfaltzgraff, L.A., Herrero-Davila, L., Mubofu, E.B., Abderrahim, S., Clark, J.H., Koutinas, A.A., Kopsahelis, N., Stamatelatou, K., Dickson, F., Thankappan, S., Mohamed, Z., Brocklesby, R., Luque, R.: Food waste as a valuable resource for the production of chemicals, materials and fuels. Current situation and global perspective. Energy Environ. Sci. 6, 426–464 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Hong, Y.S., Yoon, H.H.: Ethanol production from food residues. Biomass Bioenergy 35, 3271–3275 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Commission, European: Directive 2003/30/EC of the European parliament and of the council of 8 May 2003 on the promotion of the use of biofuels or other renewable fuels for transport. Off. J. Eur. Union L. 123, 42–46 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kim, J.H., Lee, J.C., Pak, D.: Feasibility of producing ethanol from food waste. Waste Manag 31, 2121–2125 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Hahn-Hägerdal, B., Gable, M., Gorwa-Grauslund, M.F., Lidén, G., Zacchi, G.: Bio-ethanol—the fuel of tomorrow from the residues of today. Trends Biotechnol. 24(12), 549–556 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Olofsson, K., Bertilsson, M., Lidén, G.: A short review on SSF—an interesting process option for ethanol production from lignocellulosic feedstocks. Biotechnol. Biofuels 1, 7 (2008). doi:10.1186/1754-6834-1-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Fan, Z.L., Lynd, L.R.: Conversion of paper sludge to ethanol. I: impact of feeding frequency and mixing energy characterization. Bioproc. Biosyst. Eng. 30, 27–34 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Hoyer, K., Galbe, M., Zacchi, G.: Effects of enzyme feeding strategy on ethanol yield in fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of spruce at high dry matter. Biotechnol. Biofuels 3, 14 (2010). doi:10.1186/1754-6834-3-14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. http://www.uest.gr/drywaste/site/final-report.pdf

  12. Sotiropoulos, A., Malamis, D., Loizidou, M.: Pilot scale demonstration of food waste drying at household level. In: VENICE2012 Fourth International Symposium on Energy from Biomass and Waste, San Servolo, Venice, Italy, 12–15 November 2012

  13. Ghose, T.K.: Measurement of cellulase activities. Pure Appl. Chem. 59(2), 257–268 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. AOAC: Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 15th edn. AOAC Inc, USA (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Phatak, L., Chang, K.C., Brown, G.: Isolation and characterization of pectin in sugar-beet pulp. J. Food Sci. 53, 830–833 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Sluiter, A., Hames, B., Ruiz, R., Scarlata, C., Sluiter, J., Templeton, D., Crocker, D.: Determination of structural carbohydrates and lignin in biomass. Technical report NREL/TP-510-42618 (2012)

  17. Vázquez, M., Oliva, M., Téllez-Luis, S.J., Ramírez, J.A.: Hydrolysis of sorghum straw using phosphoric acid: evaluation of furfural production. Bioresour. Technol. 98, 3053–3060 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Miller, G.L.: Use of dinitrosalisylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugars. Anal. Chem. 31, 426–428 (1959)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Wyman, C.E.: What is (and is not) vital to advancing cellulosic ethanol. Trends Biotechnol. 25(4), 153–157 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Kumar, R., Wyman, C.E.: Effect of enzyme supplementation at moderate cellulase loadings on initial glucose and xylose release from corn stover solids pretreated by leading technologies. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 102, 457–467 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Dogaris, I., Gkounda, O., Mamma, D., Kekos, D.: Bioconversion of dilute-acid pretreated sorghum bagasse to ethanol by Neurospora crassa. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 95, 541–550 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Ballesteros, M., Sáez, F., Ballesteros, I., Manzanares, P., Negro, M.J., Martínez, J.M., Castañeda, R., Dominguez, J.M.O.: Ethanol production from the organic fraction obtained after thermal pretreatment of municipal solid waste. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 161, 423–431 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Li, K., Zhang, K., Andresen, J.M.: Production of fermentable sugars from enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated municipal solid waste after autoclave process. Fuel 92, 84–88 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Zheng, Y., Pan, Z., Zhang, R., Labavitch, J.M., Wang, D., Teter, S.A., Jenkins, B.M.: Evaluation of different biomass materials as feedstock for fermentable sugar production. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 136–140, 423–435 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Li, A., Antizar-Ladislao, B., Khraisheh, M.: Bioconversion of municipal solid waste to glucose for bio-ethanol production. Bioproc. Biosyst. Eng. 30, 189–196 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Sassner, P., Galbe, M., Zacchi, G.: Techno-economic evaluation of bioethanol production from three different lignocellulosic materials. Biomass Bioenergy 32, 422–430 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Jørgensen, H., Kristensen, J.B., Felby, C.: Enzymatic conversion of lignocellulose into fermentable sugars: challenges and opportunities. Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefining 1, 119–134 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Wu, A., Lee, Y.Y.: Nonisothermal simultaneous saccharification and fermentation for direct conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol. Appl. Biochem. Biotechol. 70–72, 1109–1117 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Varga, E., Klinke, H.B., Réczey, K., Thomsen, A.B.: High solid simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of wet oxidized corn stover to ethanol. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 88(5), 567–574 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Walker, K., Vadlani, P., Madl, R., Ugorowski, P., Hohn, K.L.: Ethanol fermentation from food processing waste. Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy (2012). doi:10.1002/ep.11700

    Google Scholar 

  31. Cekmecelioglu, D., Uncu, O.N.: Kinetic modeling of enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated kitchen wastes for enhancing bioethanol production. Waste Manag 33, 735–739 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Man, H.L., Beher, S.K., Park, H.S.: Optimization of operational parameters for ethanol production from Korean food waste leachate. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 7, 157–164 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Moon, H.C., Song, I.S., Kim, J.C., Shirai, Y., Lee, D.H., Kim, J.K., Chung, S.O., Kim, D.H., Oh, K.K., Cho, Y.S.: Enzymatic hydrolysis of food waste and ethanol fermentation. Int. J. Energy Res. 33, 164–172 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Tang, Y.-Q., Koike, Y., Liu, K., An, M.-Z., Morimura, S., Wu, X.-L., Kida, K.: Ethanol production from kitchen waste using the flocculating yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain KF-7. Biomass Bioenergy 32, 1037–1045 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Yan, S., Chen, X., Wu, J., Wang, P., Ye, J., Yao, J.: Enzymatical hydrolysis of food waste and ethanol production from the hydrolysate. Renew. Energy 36, 1259–1265 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Yan, S., Wang, P., Zhai, Z., Yao, J.: Fuel ethanol production from concentrated food waste hydrolysates in immobilized cell reactors by Saccharomyces cerevisiae H058. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 86, 731–738 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Yan, S., Chen, X., Wu, J., Wang, P.: Ethanol production from concentrated food waste hydrolysates with yeast cells immobilized on corn stalk. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 94, 829–838 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Wang, Q., Ma, H., Xu, W., Gong, L., Zhang, W., Zou, D.: Ethanol production from kitchen garbage using response surface methodology. Biochem. Eng. J. 39, 604–610 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Koike, Y., An, M.-Z., Tang, Y.-Q., Syo, T., Osaka, N., Morimura, S., Kida, K.: Production of fuel ethanol and methane from garbage by high-efficiency two-stage fermentation process. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 108(6), 508–512 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Lissens, G., Klinke, H., Verstraete, W., Ahring, B., Thomsen, A.B.: Wet oxidation treatment of organic household waste enriched with wheat straw for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation into ethanol. Environ. Technol. 25, 647–655 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work is based on the research that was carried out in the framework of a LIFE + project entitled: «Development and demonstration of an innovative method of converting waste into bioethanol» Waste2Bio, (LIFE 11 ENV/GR/000949, 2012–2015), which is co-financed by the European Commission. The authors would like to thank Novozymes Corporation for generously providing the cellulase enzyme samples.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 157 80, Zografou, Greece

    Danai G. Alamanou, Diomi Mamma & Dimitris Kekos

  2. Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 157 80, Zografou, Greece

    Dimitris Malamis

Authors
  1. Danai G. Alamanou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dimitris Malamis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Diomi Mamma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Dimitris Kekos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dimitris Kekos.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Alamanou, D.G., Malamis, D., Mamma, D. et al. Bioethanol from Dried Household Food Waste Applying Non-isothermal Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation at High Substrate Concentration. Waste Biomass Valor 6, 353–361 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-015-9355-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-015-9355-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation