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Bioethanol from Dried Household Food Waste Applying Non-isothermal Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation at High Substrate Concentration

Waste and Biomass Valorization volume 6, pages 353–361 (2015)Cite this article

Abstract

Household food waste (HFW) a complex biomass containing soluble sugars, lipids, proteins, cellulose, was used for bioethanol production at high substrate concentration and low enzyme loadings. HFW was subjected to microwave digestion (121 °C, 15 min) at 20 % (w/v) substrate concentration in the presence or absence of dilute sulfuric acid. The whole slurry was hydrolyzed and simultaneously saccharified and fermented using 5 and 10 FPU/g dry HFW. Enzymatic hydrolysis resulted in glucose yields in the range of 44–47 % of the theoretical (based on potential glucose content in the HFW) for both enzyme loadings tested, indicating that enzyme loadings lower than 10 FPU/g HFW could be used. During SSF tests the highest ethanol production (23.12 g/L) was obtained from the pretreated in the presence of dilute sulfuric acid HFW at 10 FPU/g HFW. In an attempt to protect the soluble fraction from possible decomposition and increase ethanol concentration, hot water treatment and higher substrate concentrations were examined. At optimal pretreatment conditions (100 °C, 60 min), glucose yields of 54.69 and 58.39 % (of the theoretical based on potential glucose content in the HFW) were achieved at 30 and 50 % w/v substrate concentration, respectively, which corresponds to an ethanol production of 17.44 and 31.03 g/L, respectively. In order to overcome the technical difficulties due to high initial viscosity of the material, when operating hydrolysis and fermentation at high initial substrate concentrations, a non-isothermal simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process operating in fed-batch mode was applied at 40 % (w/v) final substrate concentration, resulting in 42.66 g/L (or 107 g/kg HFW) ethanol production.

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Acknowledgments

This work is based on the research that was carried out in the framework of a LIFE + project entitled: «Development and demonstration of an innovative method of converting waste into bioethanol» Waste2Bio, (LIFE 11 ENV/GR/000949, 2012–2015), which is co-financed by the European Commission. The authors would like to thank Novozymes Corporation for generously providing the cellulase enzyme samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 157 80, Zografou, Greece

    Danai G. Alamanou, Diomi Mamma & Dimitris Kekos

  2. Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 157 80, Zografou, Greece

    Dimitris Malamis

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  1. Danai G. Alamanou
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Correspondence to Dimitris Kekos.

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Alamanou, D.G., Malamis, D., Mamma, D. et al. Bioethanol from Dried Household Food Waste Applying Non-isothermal Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation at High Substrate Concentration. Waste Biomass Valor 6, 353–361 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-015-9355-6

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Keywords

  • Bioethanol
  • Household food waste
  • High solids
  • Fed batch non-isothermal simultaneous saccharification and fermentation